Establishment Of Hog Carcass Grading System Based On Machine Measured Lean Meat Rate

The main purpose of this study is to establish a practicable grading and paying system based on on-line machine measured lean percentage of hog carcasses and data communication via Internet for a modern group company whose production is greater than 1000,0000 hogs in one year. The fair trade and bilateral benefit result will be hoped to approach between slaughter industry and hog-culture industry by the establishment of the scientific, impartial and uniform standard for hog carcasses grading, and also the improvement of the hog variety according to the requirement of the customers will be conducted in hog-culture industry to enhance the quality of the pork. Moreover, the transparence, equity and reasonableness during the hog trade are enhanced as well, and a lot of negative effect by man will be reduced. Some unreasonable trade methods and behaviors of degrade the hogs to keep the price down intentionally will be mostly avoided.The hog carcasses grading methods such as the one based on manual measured back–fat depth etc. can't cater the requirement of the high speed (500 hogs per hour), accurate carcasses grading and rapidly paying (within a half hour after killed) of the modern slaughter- house. The scientific and quick grading method based on lean percentage measured by machines is the technologic basis and guarantee to the actuation of the modern hog carcasses grading system.The varieties of pig in our country are various, low quality, and have big regional disparities.The economical characteristics of the pigs are much lower in China compared to some developed countries overseas. It is impossible to use the overseas ready-made lean meat rate forecast equation for hog carcasses directly. Our country urgently needs to develop the suitable technology for lean meat rate instrument determination which suit the pig varieties in China and easy to be operated.According the actual situations in China, without a large scale, long time span and wide range data collection work, it can't obtain a quite accurate pig carcass lean meat rate forecast equation.According to the above guiding ideology, the following experiment has been carried out:(1) Carried out a data acquisition work in which more than 2,400 carcasses has been cut, the time span is nearly a year and the pig's origination regions basically cover four big provinces of central China. And a lean meat rate database on behalf of the Chinese pig varieties structure has been established basically.(2) According to the above database, a pig carcass lean meat rate forecast model has been established, and a confirmation to the model has been carried out too.(3) The instrument with the lean meat rate forecast equation was used to investigate the distribution of the lean meat rate of the pigs in slaughter house. And a standard for grading these pig carcasses was been made.(4) A new grading and paying system based on machine measured lean meat rate has been established after the investigation on the current pig purchase system. And confirmation on the new system has been achieved by cut out trials.(5) A computer system characterized by lean meat rate data automatic real-time gathering, the data real-time transmission, pig carcasses automatically grading and automatic settlement has been established.Through above experiments, as well as the data analysis, draws following conclusions:(1) The duplicate correlation coefficient (R) of the best equation arrives 0.848, and the determination coefficient (R2) is 0.7187. The examination analysis on the return model indicates that the model is extremely remarkable. The standardization residual shows a standard normal distribution. The residual standard division (RSD) is 1.72785, achieves the European Union standard. The equation can be used in practice production.(2) The correlation coefficient between the cut out lean meat rate and the number probed by the Canada PG100 arrives 0.917. The cut out experiments indicate the lean meat rate probed by PG100 and the cut out lean meat rate have high coherence. And the PG100 can be used in practical production.(3) The graduation method via PG100 machine obviously can grade these carcasses precisely.The machine intelligence graduation method can more carry out objective judgment, and realize the good pig high price. Under the of actuation benefit, the farmer's enthusiasm of raising high quality species of pig will be highly stimulated. It will greatly speed up the improvement of pig variety of China.(4) The two grading methods we practiced are all added with fine related to the body weight. The overweight and underweight carcasses will be fined in order to get a stable market by avoid the actions of the farmers of holding hogs when the price is increasing or dumping hogs when the price is decreasing. The standard for high quality pork is hard to reach, but the price is quite high. The guideline of'high quality, high price'is highly indicated in this practice.(5) The Canadian PG100 lean meat rate determination system applies in the actual production, has met with many questions and difficulties. The production line hardware, the DT500 data acquisition software, the production flow, the belt skin and goes to the skin dressed carcass graduation standard, data aspect and so on immediate transmission, all has made the improvement and the standard which continues. The final production data can be collected and transmitted to the information department automatically,then enter the ERP system directly to carry on a fast settlement. Artificial data feeds and the human error are reduced, and so the speed of the payment to the farmer is enhanced.