The Preliminary Study On The Indication Of Acid Rain By Moss From The Masson Pine Forest In Chongqing

Bryophyte is sensitive to acid sedimentation.The text by means of field investigations and inside simulative laboratory analysis, a comprehensive study on species number,coverage,frequency,growth condition, diversity index , photosynthetic pigment and structure characteristic of representative bryophtes which came from 90 pieces of sampling which selected from GhongQing Jinyun Mountain,Nanshan Mountain and Shizhu county pinus massoniana wood.The environment and it's change in Chongqing had called more and more attention as it is the rapidly developed city in China. The moss Bryophytes plants were selected as the experimental material. By means of AAS analysis method, the contents of photosynthetic pigment in Bryophytes plants at different sites in Chongqing were analyzed to monitor and study the status of Acid rain pollution in Chongqing .The main results are as follows:(1) The analysis and comparison of the contents of photosynthetic pigment in the Plants of 5 different species of bryophytes at Nanshan Mt etc. on three different habitats were carried out .The results showed that different species of bryophytes had different fastness ability to the same Acid rain ,and the same bryophyte had different fastness e ability to the different Acid rain. It is suggested that the moss Distichum capillaceum could be used as bioindicator in monitoring for the Acid rain pollution in Chongqing.(2) The contents of photosynthetic pigment in bryophyte plants at 90monitoring sites in Chongqing city were measured by means of AAS method. The relationship between the contents of photosynthetic pigment in the plants and environment Factors.The results indicated that the 90 monitoring sites could be divided into three groups of sites with different degree of Acid rain pollution, The bryophytes of the contents of photosynthetic pigment is decrease 52% and 53%where the pollution of nanshan area was the most serious than jinyun mountain and shizhu country. it's showed that the Acid rain pollutions were evident accordant to the distribution pattern of the industry in the city.(3) according to the simulative experiments of acid rain at different grads, it is found that the photosynthetic pigment content was decreaed, while pH is 4, that in Leucobryum glaucum was decreased by 22.72%; Ditrichum pallidum-24.90%; Brachythecium glaciale -43.23%; Distichum capillaceum-58.74%; so Brachythecium glaciale and Distichum capillaceum was largely changed.(4) the restoration experiment was implemented at the last stage. All the samples displayed the continuously suffering symptoms. compared with photosynthetic pigment content of before, all decreased a lot, when Leucobryum glaucum was down to 57.80%, Ditrichum pallidum 28.40%; Brachythecium glaciale 68.20%; Distichum capillaceum 14.61%. So Distichum capillaceum was the most difficult one to restore whileLeucobryum glaucum was the most tolerant one to the acid rain. All above showed that acid rain could obviously decrease the diversity of moss and simplify its structure. Through simulative experiments, the average thickness of all the samples decreased, and the growth, as well as the photosynthetic pigment content became worse as the decline on pH of acid rain. Leucobryum glaucum was the most sensitive one to acid rain.Result indicates that acid sedimentation will obviously reduce species diversity of bryophtes and make its structure more simple.The performance is that after experiment of simulative acid sedimentation its average thickness and bryophyte total photosynthetic pigment showed a drop trend and worsening degree of growing trend and shape was also more serious while pH value of sprayed acid rain dropped. Level of sensitive degree to acid rain of Distichum capillaceum is the biggest.The present research provides not only scientific evidences for the evaluation of status of Acid rain pollution in Shanghai, but also the technique and methods for monitoring Acid rain by bryophytes under the Pinus Massoniana Wood. The results farther show that bryophyte is one kind of good biomonitoring plants. The bryophytes could be used not only for monitoring the Acid rain pollution status, but also the long-term monitoring of the change of environment with a wide foreground.