Synthesis Of Low Dimensional Nanomaterials In Liquid Phase

Controlled synthesis of nanoparticles is one of the most important sections of nanoscience and nanotechnology, and it is also the base to investigate the distinctive properties and applications of nanostructures. The unique properties of nanomaterials have significant meaning not only in the development of science, but also in the application fields. It has provided an amplitude research field for new materials. It has been proved that the shape, size, and structure of low-dimensional nanomaterials affect their properties directly. So, the purpose of this article is, on the one hand, to explore novel methods to synthesize nanomaterials with controllable shapes and sizes, and on the other hand, to disclose the rule of nanomaterial microstructure, size change, and shape evolution, in order to make further lab research and applications. We synthesized different kinds of nanomaterials using hydrothermal/solvethermal methods and explored a new low temperature synthesis technique to realize the shape and size control during the synthesis process.1) sea urchin-shaped nickel structures and AlOOH nanostructures with different morphologies have been successfully synthesized via a simple surfactant-assisted hydrothermal method. The influence of the concentration of reactants, the reaction time, the concentration of the surfactant, and the reaction temperature on the morphology of the resulting products and the properties of nickel nanostructures were discussed in detail. By using different surfactants, we obtained diverse morphologies of AlOOH. This method has several features: simple experiment setting, easy operation, and low energy assumption.2) Using simple ligand-assisted method, Co3O4 nanospheres and flower-likeβ-Co(OH)2 nanostructures have been obtained. By changing the concentration of N2H4, we have obtained diverse productions, namely, Co3O4 andβ-Co(OH)2. The morphologies of Co3O4 nanospheres and flower-likeβ-Co(OH)2 nanostructures could be controlled by adjusting concentration of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP). This way is simple and has good repeatability.3) Copper nanoparticles and cuprous oxide cubes have been synthesized by solvethermal method. We have discussed the influence of the reaction parameters on the shapes and sizes of the production. In summary, the virtues of this method are easy to operate, and easy to realize industrialization.