Numerical Simulation About Butt-welding Deformation

Welding deformation is one of the most common problems in the structural manufacturing process, and has been taken more attention to. ANSYS software is used to simulate the temperature fields, the residual stress fields and the deformation fields about the low-carbon steel.The most content of study in this paper: the double-ellipsoid chosen as heat source models to simulate the temperature fields and the residual stress fields about the low-carbon steel butt-welding of MIG. We have discussed the effects about simulating the welding residual deformations of the post in the different constraint location by comparison with the simulation results and the actual measures of the welding. And we have discussed the effects about the welding deformation in the different welding processes and the thickness by comparison about the size of the macro-deformation and the roughness of deformation in the surface. And they have been verified by welding experiments.Simulation results have indicated: that constraint location infected the simulation a lot, and when applying the gravity constraint at the symmetrical bottom, the results of the simulation are more accurate. The numerical simulation results under adopting the equal load are the nearest actual result. The thickness, the size of the cross-section and the procedure specifications in welding are the main factors about the welding deformation. Multi-channel welds can strengthen the binding effect when increasing the cross-section in welding and improving the stiffness of welding departments, and then the follow-up welding deformation is smaller.Finally, it is validated that the finite element model and the simulation results are exact. The methods applying the constraint at the symmetrical bottom and applying the equal load can be used for the numerical simulation of the butt-welding.