| With the expansion of the scope of human activities and the increasing frequency of international exchanges,some species are transplanted from one geographical area to another intentionally or unintentionally,which results in a biological invasion.Invasions of alien species have had serious impacts on biodiversity conservation,human health and society,economic,cultural,and so on.Biological invasion has already become the global focus of attention,and many countries have taken various measures to prevent it.Beijing is the political and cultural center of China.It is a high-risk area of biological invasion in our country due to the economic development and the international and domestic exchanges frequently. Considering that it may take time for China to introduce a basic law about biological invasions,it is necessary to study the local legislation,establish a long-term management mechanism and standardize Beijing's law system so as to prevent and control the biological invasions.Through collection of materials,field investigation,comparison and induction,the research takes a quantitative analysis of the features of alien species invading Beijing area using statistics.From the point of view of the complex systems of nature,society and economy,the paper summarize the model of invasion. The targeted management strategies and specific legislative proposals for Beijing area have been proposed. The main results were as followed:1.Analyzed the current situation of biological invasions,then obtained a relatively accurate statistics of the numbers of alien species in Beijing.At present,the numbers of alien species invasding Beijing successfully have reached 147,including 103 kinds of plants,34 kinds of animals(including insects),10 kinds of microorganisms.2.Analyzed the characteristics of biological invasion in Beijing:Biological groups,origin,distribution, habitat types,the history of alien species invading Beijing,and the first location of alien species invading China.Relating these characteristics to society and economy,the process of biological invasion is divided into three stages:start-up phase,invasion phase and disaster phase.3.Concluded the model of alien species invading Beijing in the natural-social-economic complex system:the natural factor is the internal,social factors and economic factors are external.The main natural factors that impact biological invasions include the characteristics of alien species(invasiveness),the characteristics of indigenous species(competition) and the features of habitat(invasibility).The interactions of the three factors are the basis of biological invasions,which results in the process of biological invasions(success or failure).The main social factors affecting biological invasions are history, politics,military and legislation.The social factors are the pre-conditions of alien species invading Beijing, which results in the start-up of biological invasions.The economic factors affected alien species invading Beijing mainly include society labor system,trading and tourism.The human activities are the necessary condition of alien species invading Beijing.The frequent activities of logistics,culture,sports,technology and tourism are the main channel of alien species invading Beijing.The invasion processes of Myocastor coypus,Hyphantria cunea,Dendroctonus valens and Ambrosia artemisifolia are consistent with the model of alien species invading Beijing.4.Put forward the management strategies of biological invasions in Beijing area:Improve relevant legislation and strengthen the organization and management;Establish alien species invasion risk assessment system;Develop public participation and education activities;Early warning mechanisms and rapid response system;Establish a system of monitoring and ecological restoration.5.According to the analysis of the specific construction of the legal system on invasion of alien species,this research brings out the legislative proposals about biological invasions in Beijing.
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