Research And Development Of Dry Acetylene Process

At present,The process design and development of dry acetylene has become a hotspot in acetylene industry research.In this paper,we mainly study the rules and characteristics of the reaction about calcium carbide and water in dry acetylene process. And based on the research results,we design and develop a new type of discal dry acetylene process.First of all,through the thermal analysis of the reaction between calcium carbide and water vapor,we find that,at a certain temperature range,there always be acetylene generating and the reaction between carbide and water vapor happening,whatever the quantities of water vapor is sufficent.When water vapor in sufficient quantities,the lowest temperature of the spontaneous reaction is 160℃.When water vapor in insufficient quantities,the highest temperature of the spontaneous reaction is 1 120℃.The kinetic study of reaction between calcium carbide and water vapor shows that, when other conditions are invariable,the initial formation rate of acetylene r speeds up. with the increase of the flooding quantity V.And when the water increase to a certain extent,the generation rate of acetylene r is basically unchanged.When other conditions are invariable,the initial formation rate of acetylene r speeds up,with the increase of the temperature T.When other conditions are invariable,the initial formation rate of acetylene r speeds up,with the decrease of the grain diameter d.When the airspeed is low,the reaction is in gas fihn diffusion-controlled,and the reaction is in surface chemical reaction controlled,when the space velocity increase to a certain value,however,it is at a stage of gas film controlled,when the reaction is carried out in industrial unit.In this study,fractal dimension of the geometric theory of reduction of particle model is used.Base on the introduceof the fractal dimension D,we deduce the kinetic equations of the reaction between calcium carbide and water vapor.Fitting experimental data using the equation parameters,model calculations and experimental values coincide.And using the experimental data fit equation parameters.Results show that the model calculations and experimental values coincide well.Secondly,based on the experimental data of reaction between calcium carbide particles and the atomized water,we obtain the best operating conditions,temperature is 110℃,single fountain of water(60%of theory),reaction pressure is a littile higher than atmospheric pressure.Compared with the reation between calcium carbide and water vapor reaction,the reaction between carbide and the atomized water is more moderate, shorter reaction time,and higher conversion rate of acetylene.Therefore,the reaction between calcium carbide and the atomized water should be the preferred method of acetylene process.Finally,according to the mentioned basic data,combining with characteristics of various types of dry acetylene generator widely used in industrial production,and in connection with the existing problem of current acetylene process,a new type of dry acetylene generator is designed,that is discal dry acetylene generator.Taking an annual output of 100 000 tons of PVC chemical plant as an example,we calculate the discal dry process acetylene generator specification parameter which can replace the present wet acetylene generator,and design a new type of dry acetylene process which can be fitted in with discal acetylene acetylene generator.