Research On The Evaluation And Countermeasures Of The Pollution From Livestock And Poultry Breeding In Hebei

As China's economic growth and continuous improvement of living standards,residents of food consumption structure has changed significantly and the demand for meat, milk, eggs and other livestock products has grown rapidly, which promoted the rapid development of livestock and poultry breeding. Hebei is a big province of Animal Husbandry, with the development of the livestock industry, the pollution from livestock and poultry breeding has become a major source of pollution in rural areas. It's able to influent water, air, soil and human health directly or indirectly. Analyzing the status of the pollution from livestock and poultry breeding and estimating the economic loss of the pollution from livestock and poultry breeding can alarm for the whole community, calling on the government, farmers and the masses should pay attention to prevent and control the pollution from livestock and poultry breeding .Analyzing the causes of the pollution from livestock and poultry breeding and researching countermeasure of improving livestock pollution can provide a valuable reference for the government to formulate policy on prevention and control measures of the pollution from livestock and poultry breeding in Hebei Province.In order to understand the situation of Livestock waste treatment, the impact on the villagers of the pollution from livestock and poultry breeding and the control problems of the pollution from livestock and poultry breeding, the paper conducted a survey of Shijiazhuang, Baoding, Handan, Tangshan in Hebei Province, which involves 63 counties (cities or districts), 174 townships (towns) and 382 administrative villages. Based on extensive literature references, the paper determined the calculation parameters and calculation method of the output of the livestock and poultry's excreta in Hebei Province, combined with livestock-related statistics and the treatment methods of the Livestock and poultry'excretion in Hebei Province, analyzed the status of the pollution from livestock and poultry breeding in Hebei Province, and estimated the economic loss of the pollution from livestock and poultry breeding by contingent valuation method (CVM). Secondly, combined with survey data and statistical date,the paper analyzed the causes of the pollution from livestock and poultry breeding by the external environmental economics theory, market failure theory, government failure theory and other related theories.The results show that: 1)The output of the main livestock and poultry excreta showed an upward trend year by year in Hebei Province from 1990 to 2007 , which was 154.5087 million tons in 2007. 2) The amount of the main livestock and poultry pollutants into water showed an upward trend year by year in Hebei Province from 1990 to 2007, which was 351,200 tons in 2007 .It is 1.07 times of the emissions of industrial COD, is 1.04 times of the emissions of living COD in Hebei Province in 2007. 3) Generally, the feces and urine of the main livestock and poultry had a certain influence on the environment in Hebei Province from 1990 to 2007, but not serious. In 2007, the cities of Hebei Province impacted by Animal feces and urine were different. Handan affected severely, Tangshan affected more seriously, Shijiazhuang and Baoding had some influence, other cities relatively light. 4) By estimate, the economic loss of livestock and poultry pollution is 6.474 billion yuan in Hebei Province, which is accounted for 0.47% of GDP in Hebei Province in 2007. 5) Growing demand for livestock and poultry products, the level of economic development, fuzzy property rights of rural resources, the externalities of the pollution from livestock and poultry breeding and the government failure on preventing the pollution of animal husbandry are the major reasons which lead to the pollution from livestock and poultry breeding.Finally, combined with earlier research results, the paper propose some countermeasure to improve the control of the pollution from livestock and poultry breeding in Hebei Province. Firstly, the government is the guardian of public interest, so the government should strengthen the environmental management of livestock and poultry breeding. Secondly, under the guidance of the government,farmers should use the technology of pre- production, during production and after production to control the pollution from livestock and poultry breeding. Thirdly, enhance the public education on the pollution from livestock and poultry breeding by various channels, enhance the cognitive and environmental awareness of the farmers and the masses surrounding farmers on the the pollution from livestock and poultry breeding, give the masses surrounding famer to play a supervisory role.