| With the accelerated process of urbanization, the total wastewater increase year after year, the following excessive sludge's treatment and disposal problems urgently need to be solved. These years, the researchers find that the excess sludge can be transformed into adsorption material by adding chemical substances under certain conditions, so that, this method makes the remaining sludge turning waste into treasure, and has opened a new way to the whereabouts of the sludge. Meanwhile, heavy metal waste water which is the current outstanding problem in the field of water pollution, becomes the focus of research in the controlling field. Compared to traditional heavy metal waste water treatment method, using low-cost adsorption material in the field of treatment of heavy metal becomes the subject of current research focus.The adsorption material chemical activation making is this topic research focus which uses municipal sewage treatment plant sludge as raw material, by adding activator and surfactant modification. In the experiment, the effects of preparation conditions are studied on activation temperature, activation time, activator concentration, solid-liquid ratio, soaking time and activated sludge particle size before modification; By using surfactant modification to the adsorption material, researching on the surfactant types, dosage, ratio and the influence to the activated conditions after modification; combined with morphology, specific surface area, nitrogen adsorption isotherms and the spectrum analysis, performance evaluation on the adsorption material, discussion on the preparation process and the mechanism. In addition, the prepared adsorption material analyses on the Cr(VI), Ni(II) simple solution and mixed solution, by researching on the removal of heavy metals impact through different adsorption material dosage, pH of solution, adsorption hour, oscillation frequency, holding time, adsorption temperature, etc. The conclusions are as following through the experiment:Adding ZnCl2 as the activator, studies the best preparation conditions by iodine, methylene blue and Cr(VI) removal ratio: the activation temperature is 550℃, the activation time is 0.5 hour, the concentration of activator is 3 mol/L, the ratio between solid and liquid is 1:2, the hour to immerse sludge is 1 hour, and the sludge particle before activation is 100 mesh. The modification materials are SDS and PAM, the complex ratio of 1:1, both qualities of 0.01g. Through the prepared adsorption material, adsorption performance contains 5.80mg/g of Cr(VI), 114.64mg/g of MB adsorption, 503.20mg/g iodine. From the research on the morphology, specific surface area, nitrogen adsorption isotherms and the spectrum of the micro level, character adsorption material properties, obtained the adsorption material property after modification higher than the adsorption material before modification and commercial activated carbon which is consistent with the experimental results.The removal ratio of heavy metal in Cr(VI), Ni(VI) solution and mixed solution is researched by the sludge-making adsorption material before or after modification on the adsorption conditions of dosage, pH of solution, adsorption hour, oscillation frequency, frequency, holding time, adsorption temperature, etc. The results show that Cr(VI) and Ni (VI) solution have different pH range in the simple solution and in the room temperature; for the mixed solution, the removal ratio has also increased with the increasing of adsorption material dosage except other influent conditions, so that, it shows that the heavy metal removal ratio can be propelled by the other heavy metal solution's existence.Through the studying of adsorption thermodynamics and kinetics to Cr6+ and Ni2+, the Cr6+ adsorption model is consistent with Freundlich adsorption, while the Ni2+ adsorption model is consistent with Langmuir adsorption, meanwhile the both heavy metals'thermal models fit Lagergren second dynamic adsorption model.
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