Study On Surface Water Quality Assessment Of Liao River Source Region Based On GIS

With the continuous growth of population, the rapid development of economy and the strengthening of urbanization, the water pollution problem of our country is getting seriously. Liao River is one of the seven biggest rivers. It is the main potable water source region and the water storage the pollutants from the coastal area. The river also offers the water source to economic and social development of the area. According to national environmental information, Liao has become one of the most polluted rivers. The water environment problem of Liao River source region (Jilin Province) is outstanding that a large number of industrial, life and non-point source pollutants made the water which have had no environment capacity smelly and black, and it has been seriously affected the normal life and production activities of the residents along the river.This paper is based on "construction of the basic database of the pollution of surface water of Liao River source region" which is the topic three of "study on the overall program of water pollution characteristics and control of Liao River source region"which is the subject one of "research on surface water quality improvement and ecological restoration technology of Liao River source region"that is national major projects of water pollution control and management technology. Making Liao River source region (Jilin Province) as the study area, I established the geographic information system of the surface water of it. This article's research content and main conclusions by the research are as follows:1,This paper combined corresponding attribute database and spatial database which is established by using VB6.0,TopMap2.0 and Access database software and collecting the data and vectoring the maps to establish the geographic information system of the surface water of Liao River source region n(Jilin Province).2,This paper calculated the calendar year water quality level of each monitoring sections of the major river(East Liao River,Zhaosutai River and Tiaozi River) of Liao River source region (Jilin Province). The water quality is poor that the water quality of most of the monitoring sections are V class or poor V class, and the water is black and stench. Aquatic life became extinct.3,By analyzing the evaluation results and interrelated data, the research found that the features of surface water pollution of Liao River source region (Jilin Province) are that organic pollution is serious, water pollution is serious in dry season and wet season and sewage load is greater than the industrial effluent and so on.4,Some of the reason of surface water pollution of Liao River source region (Jilin Province) is natural conditions, and some are due to human actives. The main reason of the pollution include shortage of water resources, frangibility of water ecological environment, lack of self-purification capacity, high-intensity pollutants discharged by resource-based processing of high water, high-polluting industries, serious condition of agriculture non-point source pollution and soil erosion, failure to establish a scientific and effective system of pollution control technology and environmental monitoring system.5,According to characteristics,reasons and the condition of surface water pollution of study area, corresponding countermeasures and measures proposed by this article are as follow:the establishment of a consummate water quality monitoring and management system; rectification on the business which is water consumption and sewage discharge volume, and introduction of low water consumption and emission companies in the investment:using of wastewater complied with the standard to irrigation; reinforcement the supervision of agricultural non-point source and soil and water conservation.By establishing the geographic information system of, this paper analyzed the surface water quality of Liao River source region (Jilin Province) for the first time. The system can manage the data visually in evaluation of surface water quality. In addition, the study obtained the causes and the characteristics of pollution of surface water, and the corresponding countermeasures by analyzing. Therefore, we can say that this research has certain operational and practical significance.