Synthesis And Properties Of Fatty Acid-2-hydroxy-3-sulfonic Acid Sodium Propyl Ester

In this paper, fatty acid-2-hydroxy-3-sulfonic acid sodium propyl ester was prepared through the three-step process (sulfonation, Saponification and esterification ) by using the C₁₂^C₁₈ fatty acid as the main materials. The optimum condition of experiments was investigated, the product key property was studied simultaneously. Additionally, analogue flooding effectiveness of fatty acid-2-hydroxy-3-sulfonic acid sodium propyl ester was systematically studied through physical simulation experiments.The optimum condition of Saponification was attained by the method of condition experiments and orthogonal test. The proper technology parameters for the process was obtained that the molar ratio of material fluid/solid quality response ratio was 8:1, the temperature of reaction was 85℃, and the reaction time was 2h. The optimum reaction conditions of esterification was n(NaCHPS):n(CH₃(CH₂)_nCOONa,n=10,12,14,16) =1.1:1, reaction temperature 60℃～70℃. Reaction time 6h～7h, solvent dosage (C₂H₅OH/H₂O=4:1)50～70mL. The structures of oxiranemethane sulfonic acid sodium salt, 1-propane- sulfonic acid, 3-chloro-2-hydroxy sodium salt was first identified by FTIR, and the surface tension and critical micelle concentration(cmc) of water solution of end product were respectively measured by Maximum Bubble Pressure Method and conductance method. Experiment results indicated that Palmitic acid-2-hydroxy-3-sulfonic acid sodium propyl sulfonate, had the smallest surface tension. itsγ_cmc is 26.0mN/m; the cmc (critical micelle concentration) is 5.11×10^-3mol/L, and the properties of the products such as emulsion ability and faming power were also detected. The experiments indicated that the remissibility stability of Palmitic acid-2-hydroxy-3-sulfonic acid sodium propyl sulfonate was best, when concentration achieved 300mg/L, Maximum water loss was 5mL, when concentration achieved 500mg/L, the change of water loss was gently, faming power and foam stabilizing of Myristic acid-2-hydroxy-3-sulfonic acid sodium propyl sulfonate, was best, and bubble volume attain 60mm in 10s, and 45mL 1h After. Physical simulation experiment was developed at 45℃, and results showed that 2.0PV 0.3% surfactant oil displacement was injected after the water flooding,the flooding efficiency of the surfactant is about 11.02% on average.Fatty acid-2-hydroxy-3-sulfonic acid sodium propyl ester is a new type of sulfonatesurfactant,Which has good semulsibility,and possesses such advantages as good biodegradability,low toxicity,low irritant. It is a potential environmentally-friendly sulfonatesurfactant.