Water Security Assessment Of Jinhua

Located at the southern part of the Yangtze River Delta economic circle, Jinhua City is an important connecting tie for the developing strategy from the eastern areas to the western in Zhejiang Province, and also a head of the economic cooperation zone composed of nine prefecture-level cities from Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi and Anhui provinces. Jinhua also belongs to the transition zone between the developed and opening coastal areas and developing inland areas and has the potential advantages over the technology, market, funds, human resources, material delivery and information etc. The situation of water security in Jinhua are evaluated and studied qualitatively and quantitatively. The details are as follows:(1) Some important factors and indices are selected through the analysis of present situation and developing trend of water resources in Jinhua. The two main factors, Natural or social, which affects water security in Jinhua, could be distinguished. Among them, the social factor plays a dominant role. The existing risk and insecure factors of water use in Jinhua are revealed and discussed through the analysis of the present status of water resources, water use and water quality in Jinhua.(2) The model of Pressure-State-Response (PSR) is used to establish the index system of water security assessment in Jinhua. This system includes three subsystems (pressure, state and response), four levels (target, rule, factor and index), and 24 indices. The weightings of the indices are calculated by the AHP method. The status of water seculity in the downtown and suburban areas of Jinhua from 2001-2005 is evaluated by the multi-objective and multilevel fuzzy optimization model.(3) The results shows that the decision-making membership degree of water security in Jinhua increases annually from 2002 to 2005, implying and the situation of water security was going better. The spatial variation of the water security was also observed: the decision-making membership degree of water security is higher in the eastern area and lower in the western area. It decreases from the eastern to the western, and does so from the southern to the northern. The districts (or counties) in Jinhua could be divided into three types according to the status of water security: The first type is the relatively developed cities of Yiwu and Dongyang, where the Pressure and State are moderate and the Response is also good. The second type is the relatively backward counties of Peian and Pujiang, where the Pressure and State are the excellent but the Response is not so good. In general, the water security status of the above two types is in good situation. The third type includes the counties of Lanxi and Wuyi and the downtown area of Jinhua, where the Pressure is high, the State is low and the Response is in the lower-moderate level. Therefore, the status of water security in the third type is the worst because of the rapid urbanization and development. Some countermeasures and suggestions concerning the protection of water resources are proposed according to the present status of water security in the downtown area and other district (or counties) in Jinhua.