Influence Of External Enclosure Structure Of The Residential Building To The Indoor Thermal Environment And Building Energy Consumption

Energy is an important basic of developing economy and society, energy efficiency is an important sign of economic development and society management level. At present, the building energy consumption is general large. low efficiency of buildings and bad thermal insulation property of enclosure structure in Chongqing. The buildings in Chongqing have the features like they have large air-conditioning electricity consumption in summer and they consume too much heating energy consumption in winter. How have the buildings in good indoor thermal comfort, reduce the dependence of people to manual cold-heat source and reducing building energy consumption by improving the thermal performance of outer building envelope .It is a subject which need study on immediately.The paper took civilian construction of Chongqing region as subject investigated.According to the local climatic features, the Influence of external enclosure structure of the residential building to the indoor thermal environment and building energy consumption were studied based on dynamical simulation method. Authors research of the paper mainly from building orientation, heat insulating ways of the wall, heat transfer coefficient of wall, heat transfer coefficient of window, shading coefficient of window, sola absorption coefficient, heat transfer coefficient of roof. And proposed the correlation energy saving measures which suitable for Chongqing. The simulation result showed that:①the thermal environment of north room is best, the south room should notice heat insulation in summer, the west and east room not only should notice insulation in winter, but also they should consideration to heat insulation in summer in Chongqing. The top floor of the buildings have the worest thermal environment than other floors and the bottom floor have the the worest thermal environment than other floors in winter in Chongqing.②The average temperature of main wall low 6.0℃in summer and high 5.7℃in winter when it used outside heat insulating way than it used inside heat insulating way. The temperature of thermal bridges high 3.1℃in summer and low 2.9℃in winter than main wall when it used inside heat insulating way. The thermal bridges may dew when the indoor humidity exceed 80% and it used inside heat insulating way. The K value of wall hardly influent indoor thermal environment and building energy consumption of buildings. The smaller the K value of wall is, the smaller the annual unit cold consumption, the annual unit heat consumption and the annual unit total consumption is. The smaller the K value of wall is, the smaller the number of degree-hours of heating and cooling is. The building have best indoor thermal environment in summer when the K value of wall is from 0.95 to 1.33. The sola absorption coefficient is benefit to heat insulation in summer.③The smaller the K value of window is, the smaller the number of degree-hours of heating and the more the number of degree-hours of cooling is. The building have best indoor thermal environment in summer when the K value of window is from 3.2 to 4.7. the annual unit cold consumption reduce seldom when the K value of window is 3.2 and continued to decrease the K value of window. The smaller the sola absorption coefficient is, the better it is in summer. The bigger the sola absorption coefficient is, the better it is in winter .so, it is better to use activity sunshade. The better comprehensive sunshade coefficient is from 0.5 to 0.6 in Chongqing.④Top-floor rooms have best indoor thermal environment in summer and indoor temperature is evident higher than outdoor temperature in winter when the K value of roof is 0.96. indoor thermal environment of top-floor room improves slowly when continued to decrease the K value of roof. The smaller the K value of roof is, the smaller the annual unit cold consumption, the annual unit heat consumption and the annual unit total consumption is. the K value of roof has greater influence on unit cold consumption than that of heating. The better K value of roof is from 0.56 to 0.96.The minimum of inner surface temperature increases 2.1℃in winter and The maximum of inner surface temperature decreases4.6℃.The consequences of this paper play a guiding role to the energy saving work of residential buildings, the application of energy-saving building materials and building energy efficiency design. We should consider all of the influencing factors when we do the building energy efficiency design and find the best energy saving measures.