| Ziziphus jujuba originated from China. It's the first dry fruit plants and the seventh fruit plants. As it 's benefit for people's health, Z. jujuba has been becoming a hot point in the development of Chinese fruit plants. Our country has the most abundant Z. jujuba cultivars in the world, so exploiting this resource dominance has important significance in enhancing people's health, conservation of soil and water beside the Yellow River and developing our country' s economy. The jujube cultivars are raised from the bud mutant. In the long history of Z. jujuba cul ture practice, many cultivars were formed. Even in Shaanxi province, there are about 130 cultivars. To understand the relationship among these cultivars has great value in the breeding of new cultivars and their generalization.Based on the traditional taxonomical research and former experience, typical cultivars was selected and used to distinguish Z. jujuba from Z. spinosus and from different Z. jujuba cultivars by RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) technique. The feasibility of class if icat ion of Z. jujuba by RAPD analysis were discussed and reliability was proved. A strict standard reaction system for RAPD analysis was established, which could be used on the classification of Z. jujuba cultivars in Shaanxi province and laying foundation for breeding new high quality cultivars and spreading.In this experiment, 100 DNA bands were amplified by 8 primers, which mean 100 sites in the genome were detected. From these DNA bands, the cultivars DNA fingerprints were obtained, we could distinguish Z. spinosus and 50 kinds of Z. jujuba cultivars. 3 Z. jujuba cultivars had its own special DNA bands, which could be used as DNA molecular markers for the determination of cultivars and screening earlier characters. Except 2 pairs could not be distinguished from each other, the others cultivars could be distinguished successfully by two or more primers. The cultivars that couldnot be distinguished may be the same cultivars with different names or be derived from same strain. What's more, the result showed that the reliability of result could be guarantied, if only the reaction system for RAPD was standard and the operation was normative. It's mean that RAPD analysis could be used in the germplasm resources on Z. jujuba. The fifty-five jujube accessions based on their genetic distances, were clustered using unweighted pair group average cluster method (UPGMA) in a dendrogram. The genetic dendrogram was established by" between-groups linkage" method. The cluster dendrogram showed that all the cultivars could be divided into 7 class: the first class included the most of the cultivars from shaanxi province: Niunaicui, Xiaoyezao, Fengmiguan, Jidanzao,Qing-xuan, Tangzao, Changmuzao, Zhuicimuzao, Fangmuzao, Goutouzao, Youfushui- zao, Baizao, Bantiaozao, Mazizao, Jinzao, Pachiyazao, Hetaowen, Dalixiao-zao, Antuanzao, they could be divided into three groups easily; the second class included Dalishuizao, suantuanzao, Qingjiancuizao, Lingbaodazao, Qingjianxiaotuanzao, Changhongzao, Zanhuangdazao; the third class included Mianzao, Jiaxianyouzao, Luoyangzhenzhuzao, Henanhuizao, Zhongzuanzao; the fourth class included Tailihong, Dongzao, Dieyazao, Jiuyueqing, Fengmiguan; the fifth class included Tianjingkuaizao, Guangyangzao, suanmuzao, the sixth class included Sanbianhong, Erqiuzao, Beijingxiaozao, Pingguozao, Wubaotuanzao, Shaanxilongzao; the seventh class included Shiyueqing, Xuezao, Wuhezao, Jiaochengjunzao, Dasuanzao. All the Z. jujuba. Cultivars were clustered together first, then were clustered with Z. spinosus . From the dendroid cluster, We could see the relationship among them. It shows that RAPD analysis not only can be used to distinguish the Z. jujuba cultivars, but also can be used to analysis the relationship among them. The main conclusions of this paper were as follows:1. A RAPD reaction system for Ziziphus jujuba was established, and a suitable method on Z. jujuba DNA extraction was found.2. In the 50 accessions, used 8 primers and obtain...
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