Analysis Of Genetic Diversity Of Soybean Germplasm Resources And It's Core Collection Establishment In Shanxi Province

There are 2282 accessions of soybean in Shanxi province, which owns the most abundant soybean germplasm resources in China. In this study, 311 accessions from the primary core collection of Shanxi soybean germplasm were used to synthetically analyze their genetic diversity according to their geographical origin from both morphological level and DNA molecular level respectively. The core collection was primary constructed so as to instruct the preservation, ulilization and exploitation of soybean germplasm resources in Shanxi province. The major results showed as follows:The results of the analysis of 14 mjor morphological characters of 311 accessions showed that the morphological diversity was high among accessions assessed, with the diversity index averaged 1.1146. Various agronomic characters have the obvious heredity differentiation phenomenon between the different latitude and longitude districts. The genetic distance among these accessions averaged 0.2618, and tended to increase according to the increasing of latitude or longtitude.The genomes of 311 accessions were analyzed with 54 pairs of SSR primers. A total of 685 alleles were deteced with averaged 12.85 alleles per locus. The range of Shannon-Weaver diversity index was from 0.597 to 2.651 with averaged 1.816. Different pairs of primers showed the obvious heredity differentiation in the different latitude and longitude district. The average of genetic distance among accessions in molecular level was 0.4449. Through the correlative examination between the morphological data and the molecular data, the results indicated that the morphological genetic diversity and the molecular genetic diversity had the significant correlation in the geographic distribution. The molecular level displayed the geographic distribution regularity of genetic diversity basically tallied with that of morphological level, but the molecular level of genentic diversity is higher than that of morphological level.Combined with the analysis of morphological and molecular level, the results showed that the geographical distribution of genetic diversity of Shanxi Province's soybean germplasm had the obvious regularity. The genetic diversity along the different direction of longtitude or latitude displayed that it was high in the middle section, and decreased gradually to both sides. The area of 112-113°E, 36-38°N that is Taiyuan area owned the most numbers of soybean germplasm and the highest genetic diversity, therefore extrapolated this area possibly as the genetic diversity center of Shanxi soybean germplasm resources.In this study, the materials were selected by integrated the molecular data with the morphological data according to the results of UPGMA clustering. 42 accessions were selected as the core collection of Shanxi province,which the sampling ratio is 1.84%, the reserved morphological scale is 94.6%, and the reserved alleles proportion is 73.6%. By representative test, the result showed that the core collection can effectively represent the whole collection of Shanxi province.