| This experiment selecetd apex , flower bud and radicle of Camellia sinensis cv. Longjing 43 as research objects picked from the tea garden of Anhui Agricultural University. In this experiment ,three kinds of Chromosomal techniques were used ,including conventional sheeting method , disassociating cell wall hypoosmotic method and macrocoils method. All of these technique could display the mitosis process of tea plant .The conventional sheeting method could show the number and structure of tea plant chromosome .The disassociatingcell wall hypoosmotic method can be used for karyotype analysis .Band analysis and in situ hybridization of tea plant .The macrocoils method was suit for rapid counting the number of tea plant chromosome .Itcan used for karyotype analysis. By the way of comparing among bud , flower and radicle , the most suitable material reseached used in in Situ hybridization was bud-point. The observation to tea plant mitosis process, the Karyotype analysis, as well as the regular analysis of its metaphase showed Tea plant's Karyotyoe formula is 2n=30=14m+12sm+2st+2sm (SAT) , The Karyotype is 2B. the G-belt analysis founded every chromosome arm of tea plant has multiple G-belt ,most of centromere and telomere showed G-belt .Different chromosome and chromosome arms ,different distrbution of G-belt ,size and color .According G-belt analysis ,the homologue chromosomes could be conserved clearly. In this experiment, a 1.4kb coffeine synthesis enzyme gene was amplified by PCR, used as probe in in Situ hybridization. Tea plant 's coffeine synthesis enzyme gene was preliminarily located in the ninth chromosome. The research established certain foundation for the construction of heredity atlas of tea plant .It also impacted on cultivating the tea plant with high or low caffeine by using the molecular biology technique.
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