Classification Status Of Special Pear Varieties In Yanbian Area

Apple-pear, Shenbuzhi, Chaoxianyangli andYanbianxiehuatian are produced in Yanbian area, Jilin province, which have improved quality and become rare local improved varieties of pears in the North. But the origin and genetic relationship of these varieties are not clear to date. The RAPD molecular march technique was applied to the systemic classification research of pear varieties of Yanbian area, combined with the conventional classification qualification technique of palynology and isodynamic enzyme, etc. The classification status of Apple-pear , Shenbuzhi , Chaoxianyangli andYanbianxiehuatian were investigated. The main results were as follows.1.A new DNA extraction method--CTAB improved method was found whichcould extracted high-quality and high-purity DNA from ripe leaves of pears.2.RAPD analysis were conducted to thirty pear varieties adopting twelve screened primers. The results of cluster analysis and similar factors showed that the Shenbuzhi and Chaoxianyangli should be attributed to the P.pyrifolia Nakai; the apple-pear should belong to Pyrus broschneideri Rehd, and the Yanbianxiehuatian should belong to P.ussuriensis Maxim system.3.The size of pollen grains and sculptine features were investigated. The result showed that the properties of pollen grains of Shenbuzhi ,Chaoxianyangli and apple-pear were special, some were similar to Orient pear system, some were close to P.communis Linn. The pollen grains of Yanbianxiehuatian and Huagaili had similar surface sculptine. The seven properties of eighteen varieties were clustered by the data-processing system of SPSS software. The results indicated that the Shenbuzhi, Chaoxianyangli had more consanguinity of P.pyrifolia Nakai, the apple-pear prefered the Pyrus broschneideri Rehd, Yanbianxiehuatian belonged to P.ussuriensis Maxim.4.Analyzed by the zymogram analysis of isodynamic enzyme of peroxidase, the enzymic bands of apple-pear were more special and had characteristic enzymic bands of four cultivars. The enzymic bands of Shenbuzhi and Chaoxianyangli contained 1~2 characteristic enzymic bands of P.communis Linn. The apple-pear belonged to Pyrus broschneideri Rehd, Shenbuzhi belonged to P.pyrifolia Nakai, Yanbianxiehuatianbelonged to P.ussuriensis Maxim,Chaoxianyangli and Pyrus broschneideri Rehd had close genetic relationship with P.pyrifolia Nakai investigated by the comparison of similarity factors and cluster analysis.5.The compare of three qulification results showed that the RAPD analysis test is more reliable. Apple-pear had nearer genetic relationship with Pyrus broschneideri Rehd in current cultigens, Whether it should be changed to a species from a cultivar, it needed further research. The Shenbuzhi and chaoxianyangli indeed had the consanguinity of Pyrus broschneideri Rehd, but had nearer genetic relationship with P.pyrifolia Nakai ? The Yanbianxiehuatian is belonged to P.ussuriensis Maxim.