Studies On Genetic Diversity Of Tea Germplasms [Camellia Sinensis (L.) O.Kuntze] In Guangdong Province By AFLP Technology

Tea plant [Camellia sinensis (L.)O.Kuntze] originated from China, it had been spread to many countries and became the important economic plant in the world. The initiatory researches about molecular marker technology and genetic diversity of tea plant had made some achievements in recent years. Many studies of life scientific fields having been done rapidly using AFLP markers from its producing day, because it has many merits: the identification of a great number of polymorphisms, highly reproducible and stable. In this paper, genetic diversities were evaluated and analyzed at the inter- and intra-specific of tea plant (AFLP analysis on 30 cultivars and every plant of Lechangbaimaocha), we also detected DNA and evaluated the special AFLP markers in 30 cultivars. The main results were as follows:1. Genomic DNA from tea plant was isolated using Chloroform and isoamyl alcohol only once. The results showed that the value of OD₂₆₀/OD₂₈₀ for DNA samples obtained with this method was between 1.60 and 1.85;the molecular weight of DNA was more than 23kb,the DNAs were completely digestible with EcoR I and amplifiable in the PCR, and AFLP figure were obtained. It is a rapid and high efficient method, and especially suitable for the situation that the study has a lot of sample, amount of work and a little time.2. The AFLP silver staining protocol was used for amplification reaction in the experiment, twenty-five local cultivars of Guangdong province tea plant and five contrastive cultivars were tested and analyzed using 5 primer combinations, 401 bands were obtained, 338 bands (84.3%) of them were found to be polymorphic, 80.2 bands were obtained by every one primer pair average. The amplification fragment range from 50bp to 580bp. Among the 30 cultivars, the Nei &Li coefficient between Qingliangshan tea and Qingyuanbijia tea (0.87248) is the highest, and between Guibeidaye and Fenghuangshuixian (0.5000) is the lowest. Contrarily, the greatest genetic distances is between Guibeidaye and Fenghuangshuixian (0.5000), the lowest genetic distance is between Qingliangshan tea and Qingyuanbijia tea (0.12752). we report here that the local tea plant of Guangdong province characterized by a high genetic diversity. A dendrogram showing genetic relationships between them was constructed by an unweighted pair-group method with arithmetical averages (UPGMA) of DPS 2000. 30 cultivars can be divided into three groups according to the combine line 0.40 of the genetic distance: the first type which contains Fenghuangshuixian, Shigupingwulong, Nankunshanbaimao tea, Liannandaye, Fengshunmatu tea, Dongyuanshanwan tea, Qingliangshan tea, Qingyuanbijia tea, Wuhuatianzhushantea,Guangzhouxiaoyeqingxin,Yangchunbaimaotea,Gaozhoubaixin,Huiyangxi aoye,Luodingxiaoye,Puningxiaoye,Yunnandaye,Hainandaye,Guangzhouqingguidaye,Xingningg uantian tea and Lechangku tea; the second type contains Lechangbaimao tea, Renhuabaimao tea,...