The Pollination Biology Of Primula Sieboldii E. Morren

In this paper, I did the experimentation using Primula sieboldii E. Morren introduced to Inchoate Spring Garden by the forest botanical garden of the Heilongjiang province. I Studied the flowering season, flower morphology, the kinds of visitors, the behavior of visitors, the frequency of visitors of Primula sieboldii, and examined the pollen viability, the stigma acceptability, P/O (Pollen/Ovule rate), OCI, the breeding system and the pollination mechanism of Primula sieboldii. The main results were summarized as bellow:(1) Primula sieboldii had representative distyles with a population exhibited two floral morphs:long-styled (pin) and short-styled (thrum) morph; The anthers of long-styled flowers situated in the upper part of corolla tube, and the stigmas were located in the corolla tube mouth, or slightly higher; The anthers of short-styled flowers closed to the flower corolla tube mouth, and the stigmas were located in the central corolla tube.(2) The pollen viability of Primula sieboldii kept at 75 percent within 3 days, decreased from the fourth day, significantly decreased between the fifth day and the seventh day and lost the viability at the eighth day; The stigma acceptability was strong at the first day, the second day and the third day after flowering. The stigma acceptability decreased from the fourth day after flowering. From the sixth day, the color of the stigmas began to become darker, gradually lost viscosity and tension, almost did not have acceptability.(3) P/O was from 244 to 361, and OCI is 3 or 4, and fruit set under different pollinations all proved the breeding system of Primula sieboldii was facultative intermorph; The crossbreeding between heterostrly flowers had Compatibility, and the percentage of seeding between the cross-pollination was very high; The results of the intramorph experimentation showed:The intramorph presented a little, and the percentage of seeding of the intramorph between short-styled (thrum) morph flowers, which could confirm that Primula sieboldii have self compatibility.(4) The pollination visitors of Primula sieboldii mainly included Papilio maackii M., Pieris melete M., Loxostege sticticalis L., Haemorrhagia sp., Eristalis arbustorum L., and Papilio machaon L.. The peak time of visiting of the pollination visitors was between 10:00～15:00, and the visitors acted mostly in sunny days, and when it was rainy or the temperature sharply declined, the frequency of visiting obviously brought down.