| Objective: To understand the risk factors and epidemic background of type 2 DM in urban population, and to explore the relationship between the variation of leption receptor gene and type 2 DM and to provide the scientific basis for the etilogy and intervention of type 2 DM.Methods: 3717 individuals from Chongqing university and factory were questioned and measured by the cross-sectional and case-control studyor from Jan. to May in 2002. 134 blood samples from the first affiliated hospital of Chongqing university of medical sciences were collected from Feb. to April in 2003. The variation of LR gene exon 20 was detected by PCR-RFLP and their relations to type 2 DM and obesity were analyzed. Results: (1) The prevalence rate of type 2 DM was 9.77% for total, 10.19% for men and 9.07% for women. The rate of DM was significantly increasing with rising of aged and higher than that in national survey with aged group in 1996, close to that in Dalin district in 1998. (2) 32.63% of subject were overweight and the prevalence rate was increasing with rising of BMI among the males and females. The rate of subjects who had a BMI≥30 was 2.43 times compared with that who had a BMI<25. The overweighted subjects' SBP, DBP, TC, TG, FBG, 2hPG were significantly higher than those of the normal population, but HDL was lower than that. The conclusion was the same with WHR. Single and multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that BMI and WHR were associated with type 2 DM.The values of OR were 1.667, 2.476, respectively. Overweight and obesity were important risk factors of type 2 DM. (3) Subjects with the lowest educational level had the higher prevalence rate of DM. The case-control study showed the higher educational level, the lower risk of DM. The Odds ratio was 0.729. It suggested that education played an important role for prevention and control of DM. (4) 68.06% of individuals took up occupational mental activities. 74.60% of those took part in physical exercises in free time. The dietary of individuals were maily porks, fish, bean products, eggs , fruits, and plant oil . The case-control study showed that high fruits and fish intake would be pretective. (5) The prevalence of IGT was 15.26%, which was increasing with rising of aged and the rate of obesity was significantly higher than that of normal population. (6) The history of hypertension (OR=2.107), SBP (OR=2.946), DBP (OR=2.044) were associated with type 2 DM. The results of multivariate logistic analysis showed that the OR of SBP was 2.937. (7) The prevalence rate of TG was 28.92% and the OR was 2.569. The patients'TC, TG, LDL were higher than those of normal people. (8) The prevalence rate of family history of DM was 3.29 times compared with that of negative history. The case-control study showed that family history of DM (OR=2.441) was the independent risk factor for type 2 DM. 75 subjects with DM and 59 with NGT were tested. The variant frequency at 3057 nucleotide G to Atransversion was 82.09% for total, 87.33% for DM group, 75.42% for control group. The frequency of AA genotype in DM cases was higher than that in controls, but that of GA genotype was lower, and that of GG in cases did not indicate. According to BMI and WHR level, there was no obvious relationship between gene variations and obesity. Conclusion: (1) The prevalence rate of type 2 DM of middle-aged and old people was in high level in Chongqing area. So those people were the main subjects of prevention and control program. (2) Overweight and obesity, seldom physical activity, high energy and fat intake were the major risk factors for type 2 DM among Chongqing local people. Health life intervention and reasonable dietary structure may provide an effective program for prevention and control of type 2 DM. (3) At nucleotide 3057 in LR exon 20, a G to A transversion was found, which may be the susceptibility marker of DM in Chongqing population. |
PDF Full Text Request