The Expression Of Cathepsin-D,MMP-2,MMP-9 In Human Breast Cancer And The Analysis Of DNA Ploidy

Objective: To explore the morphological features of the expressions of cathepsin-D ( CD ) ,matrix metalloproteinase-2 ( MMP-2 ) ,and matrix metalloproteinase-9 ( MMP-9 ) in human breast cancer during the progression and heterogeneity and to study the relation between their expressions and the metastasis of the tumor.Mathod : Immunohistochemistry:Using monoclonal antibodies for CD,MMP-2 and MMP-9,we examined 60 cases of breast cancer (includes invasive lobular carcinoma,invasive ductal carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, mucoid adenocarcinoma) and 10 cases of benign breast samples (includes normal breast tissue, fibroadenoma of breast,plasma cell mastitis,mammary dysplasia) .Flow cytometry: We selected 30 cases of paraffin embedded breast cancer tissue from 60 cases for Immunohistochemistry and 20 cases of fresh breast cancer tissue to analyze the DNA ploidy;The results were tested by statistics methods ( chi-square test and exact method) .Result: CD,MMP-2 and MMP-9 were not expressed or expressed weakly in benign breast tissue.In breast cancer,there were 74.85% of cases which expressed CD;The rate of expression of CD was significantly higher in higher histological grade tumors compared to lower grade (x2=7021 P < 0.05 ) ;Concluded from Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry,we found that the expression of CD was related to DI,the rate of expression in the aneuploidy was much higher than that in the diploidy,the difference was significant (p=0.024) .MMP-2 and MMP-9 were also over-expressed in breast cancer,the rates were 70.21% and 68.09%;Their expressions were associated with the condition of the lymph nodes,the rates were higher in the patients who had positive lymph nodes (MMP-2: x2=4.58 P< 0.05; MMP-9: x2=16.63 P < 0.01 ) ;Besides, the expression of MMP-2 was related to SPF, it was more expressed in tumors whose SPF were more than 10%,the difference was significant P=0.028), while MMP-9 hadn't any relation with DI or SPF.Concluded from 50 cases of the DNA ploidy analysis,we also found that there were more aneuploidy and higher SPF in tumors which hadpositive lymph nodes,the difference was significant.Conclusion: CD,MMP-2 and MMP-9 are all over-expressed in breast cancer,furthermore their expressions are all heterogeneous,the factors which are related to them are different.These three proteinases maybe contribute to the different parts of the metastatic cascade of breast cancers,so they can t act as the single factors to predict the ability of the invasion of breast cancer,but DI and SPF may be more fittable than them.