The Analysis Of Expressions Of PTEN,PCNA,and AgNORs And Apoptosis During Occurrence And Progression Of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Objective : The expressions of tumor suppressor gene PTEN, cell proliferation, apoptosis and nuclear AgNORs counts in 128 samples with esophageal carcinogenesis and normal esophageal epithelia were comparatively studied with immunohistochemical method. Aims are to examine the expressions of PTEN gene in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, to investigate whether the PTEN gene is associated with occurrence and progression of esophageal carcinomas; to determine the cell proliferation in the occurrence and progression of esophageal carcinomas by expressions of PCNA and AgNORs; to determine the apoptosis of in the occurrence and progression of esophageal carcinomas; to investigate the relationship between apoptosis and cell proliferation in the occurrence and progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas; to investigate the relationship between PCNA and PTEN. Forever, it is possible to help to uncover the pathogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas, to provide a theoretic data for reforming treatment to this kind of disease. Method:1 Hematoxylin-eosin Staining Method; 2 SP Immunohistochemical method; 3 AgNORs Staining MethodResult:1 PTEN positive expression rate in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) was very significantly lower than that in normal epithelia (p < 0.001), and dramatically lower than that in basal cell hyperplasia(BCH) and dysplasia(DYS) (p < 0.05), There was no difference in PTEN expressions in normal epithelia , BCH and DYS (p < 0.05). PTEN expression was significantly associated with the clinical stages and lymph node metastasis and unassociated with pathological grading .There was a significant difference between stage T1 and stage T3&T4 (p < 0.05), and no difference between stage Tl and stage T2, stage T2 and stageT3&T4 ;The positive expression of PTEN in esophageal carcinomas with lymph node metastasis was very significantly lower than that in esophageal carcinomas without lymph node metastasis (p < 0.001).2 The PI(PCNA index) and AgNORs mean count in the nuclei were low in normal epithelia, and increased significantly as lesion progressed from BCH to DYS and to SCC (p < 0.05). There were dramatic differences about PI between in normal epithelia and in BCH(p < 0.05), between in SCC and in each of normal epithelia, BCH and DYS (p < 0.001), except between in BCH and in DYS(p>0.05).In esophageal squamous cell carcinomas, significant difference in PI was found between poor differentiation and high differentiation, poor differentiation and middle differentiation (p< 0.05), but no difference between high differentiation and middle differentiation (p>0.05); obvious difference between T3&T4 andT1 or T2(p < 0.001), no difference between Tland T2. PI was not associated with lymph node metastasis(p>0.05); Ag-NORs mean count in poorly differentiated cancer cell was significantly higher than that in highly differentiated or middle differentiation cancer cell(p < 0.05). However, the mean did not correlated with the clinical stages and lymph node metastasis.3 The apoptosis indices (AI) were low in the normal epithelia, and increased significantly as the lesions progressed from BOH to DYS and to SCC (p < 0.05). AI in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas was associate with pathological grading and lymph node metastasis , and was unassociated with the clinical stages .AI in highly differentiated carcinomas was significantly higher than that in poorly differentiated ones(p < 0.05), and AI in esophageal carcinomas without lymph node metastasis was dramatically higher than that in esophageal carcinomas with lymph node metastasis (p < 0.05).4 The ratio of apoptosis index to PCNA index (AI/PI) decreased significantly as the lesions progressed from normal epithelia to BCH to DYS and to SCC (p < 0.05). And the ratio of AI to PI were well correlated with the pathological grading, clinical stages and lymph node metastasis.5 The most expressions of PTEN and PCNA in each of the sample were (+/ -) or ( - /+ )...