| Uterine cervical carcinoma is the second prevalentist malignant tumor in women in the whole world , only fewer than breast cancer , whose morbidity is the highest in the women in the development countries.Of it , the morbidity rate of squamous cell carcinoma in the women of 20 to 80 of age is about 70% who is characteristic of high mortality , bad prognosis and unconspicuous early symptoms . Rece- ntly, the morbidity of the women not more than 35 years old had a rising trend.With the persistent advancement of biologic gene engin- eering , people are realizing the occurrence is related with the dysfun- ction of many oncogenes and suppressor genes,and the role of dysfu- nction of the cell cycle in tumorigenesis . When the expression of positive regulating genes at the "key point" is out of control , the cell cycle will lose control , too . Regulating factors to cell cycle include cyclins , CDKS (cycle dependent kinases) and CKIs(cycle dependent kinases inhibitors) . Cyclins are positive factors to promote the cell proliferation ; CKIs are negative ones to suppress it . They both centralize on CDK . There are many key points from phase G1 to phase M of cell cycle , among which G1/S is the most important . Phase G1 controls the length of cell cycle.Once cells pass it, they will get through the proliferation without the stimulation of extrinsic split signals . Cyclin D1 protein makes its positive regulating function to speed cell proliferation up to activate CDK4 and CDK6 at the speed- limited point G1 /S , then makes the activated CDK 4 and CDK 6 catalyze a sequence of key substrates ( Rb protein , e.g.) phorylated. Thus, transcription factors are released and DNA synthesis starts .But the overexpression of Cyclin D1 could shorten phase G1 , make cells enter phase S ahead of time , which leads to the uncontrolled cell gro- wth , developement and tumorigenesis . So Cyclin D1 is a kind of oncogenes. Polyak found P27 in the cell lines done by TGF-β.P27 is one of KIP family of CDKI.It takes part in the regulation of cell cycle, suppresses the split and proliferation,and promotes cell differentiatio- n apoptosis . P27 mainly integrates with Cyclin in phase G1 and suppress Cyclin-CDK. The procedure has two aspects . First ,P27 can suppress the activated CDK that has combined with Cyclin ; Second , P27 may suppress the activation of CDK , and hold the transition of G1 to S of cell cycle back . Aberration of P27 expression can lead to the uncontroled cell cycle , transition and tumorigenesis . At pres- ent , the correlation of mutation of gene Cyclin D1 , gene P27 and malignant tumors have become the hot point of medical research.The aberrance of the two gene expressions has been found in many research of tumors . But the research of combining the two genes in cervical squamous cell carcinoma is less .We research the function of the Cyclin D1 protein and P27 protein in the genesis, development of cervical squamous cell carcinoma , and the relationship with clinical pathological characters of the carcinoma to help reveal the mechani- sm of it through detecting the two genes.With immunohistochemical SP technique , using monoclonal antibodies of cyclin D1和P27 ,the protein cyclin D1 and the protein P27 were seperately detected in 75 cases of uterine cervix tissues , among which 10 were normal cervix , 15 were dysplasia and 40 were cervical squamous cell carcinoma .All the patients were not through radiothrapy or chemothrapy before they were operated on . Results: The positive rates of cyclin D1 and P27 were respectively 70.0% and 32.5% in cervical carcinoma , 28.0% and 60.0% in cervical dysplasia , 0% and 100.0% in normal cervix tissue . For the two factors , the difference between the cervical carcinoma and the two control groups had statistical significance (P<0.05) . In the cervical carcinoma group , the positive rates of cyclin D1 and P27 expressions were associated with the histological graduation, clinical classification and lymphode metastasis(P<0.05... |
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