| Carbon Disulfide (CS2), a well-known volatile solvent, is widely used in the manufacture of viscose rayon, cellophane, carbon tetrachloride, rubber chemicals and pesticides. It is also used in laboratory. At present, because of the industry adjustment, more and more workers occupationally exposed to carbon disulfide and most of them exist in developing countries. According to the inadequacy statistics, there are 120 thousand workers who directly exposed to carbon disulfide in China, about 500 thousand in the world. Therefore, it is important to research the health effect of carbon disulfide.Since the industrial use of carbon disulfide in the 19th century, several toxic effects of carbon disulfide on the neurological, cardiovascular, reproductive, blood, respiratory and other system have been reported at various levels. But these works mainly pay attentions to the cell and biochemistry levels. Since the 1950s, with the development of technology and the improvement of workplace condition, the incidence rate of occupational events causedby exposure to high concentration of CS2 has decreased dramatically. On the contrary, theoccupational toxin events and chronic intoxication caused by long-term exposure to lower concentration of carbon disulfide get more and more serious. Nowadays, many attentions have been focused on slowly developing symptoms due to extended periods of exposure to low concentration. Moreover, the DNA damage and gene mutation caused by long-term exposure to low concentration (especially lower than the exposure limits) of carbon disulfide should be studied further.However, there are few literatures reporting the genetic toxicity of CS2 around the world. External researches almost reported that carbon disulfide has no genetic toxicity. Although internal researches reported that CS2 will induce DNA damage, increase in the frequencies of aneuploidy and micronucleus. But the methods and the concentration of CS2 in these researches are different. The mechanism of genetic toxicity of CS2 is still far from clear. Thus, there is an urgent need for the development of screening assays for genetic toxicity.Therefore, we conducted a molecular epidemiological study to investigate the genetictoxicity of carbon disulfide and its mechanism by comet assay, PCR-SSCP, gene sequencing and PCR-RFLP. This study is hoped to give evidence to screening and health protection of the occupationally exposure population.Objective To detect the genetic toxicity of carbon disulfide (CS2 ) and its mechanism, including DNA damage and p53 gene mutation by comet assay, polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and gene sequencing. Methods 90 workers exposed to CSi were randomly selected as the exposure group and 81 workers not exposed to CSi as the non-exposure group. Buccal cells of them were obtained from the subjects by scrapping the internal part of the cheek with a disinfected wood stick. The DNA damage and p53 gene mutation were detected by comet assay, PCR-SSCP, gene sequencing and PCR-RFLP. Additionally, the mutation of p53 gene codon 273 was detected by gene sequencing in France.Results The results showed that the rate of DNA tail of the exposure group was 0.51%, which was higher significantly than that of the non-exposure group (0.23%). Significant results were also found in non-smoking, male and low length of work groups (P<0.05). The results of multiple non-condition logistic analysis showed that the frequency of DNA damage in the exposure group was higher significantly than that of the non-exposure group(P<0.05) . The results of PCR-SSCP showed that the rate of p53 gene mutation of the exposure group was 42.0%, which was higher significantly than that of the non-exposure group (18.7%). Significant result was also found in non-smoking group. The results of multiple non-condition logistic result showed that the frequency of p53 gene mutation in the exposure group was higher significantly than that of the non-exposure group (P<0.05) . However, no significant correlations we... |
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