Adverse Effects Of Occupational Environment Endoncrine Disruptor Chemicals On Reproductive System In Female Workers

Environmental Endocrine Disruptor chemicals ( EEDCs ) , which combining with hormone receiver to interfere with normal metabolism in organism, may cause a variety of unwanted adverse health effects in humans and their offsprings, especially due to their ability to impact the reproductive function. In recent years, there has been a growing concern about its impact to the reproductive system and reproductive failure, abnormal development, and some reproduction-endocrine related tumors have been linked to EEDCs and some of these harmful impact on humans was related to the relatively low levels of exposure to endocrine disruptors in the workplace called occupational Environmental Endocrine Disruptor chemicals, particularly those with estrogenic activity. The main EEDCs in occupational environment are pesticides, heavy metals, styrene, bisphenol-A, phthalate and so on. As the occupational Environmental Endocrine Disruptor chemicals have directly threaten to the reproductive function of female workers, it is necessary to explore the hazards of occupational EEDCs on reproductive system of exposed female workers to protect their reproductive health, providing scientific evidence for the laws of labor safeguard of female workers.This study is a reproduction occupational epidemiological cross-sectional investigation. Including the 4000 samples had collected formerly, 10800 occupational women whose age were from twenty to fifty with child-bearing age were cluster-sampled and 8356 qualified questionnaires were returned including observation group of 4568 female workers work age were more than one year exposed to EEDCs in the first production line of the pesticides, plasticand chemical factories and control group of 3788 female workers not exposed to EEDCs. They were investigated using the unified questionnaire on women reproduction health.After checking consistency and logical accuracy of data, the data were analyzed in SPSS 11.5. The reproductive function of female works in exposure group was compared with that of control group by, including abnormal menstruation, adverse pregnant outcomes and the rate of reproduction-endocrine related tumors. The risk and influential factors effect on the reproductive system of female workers exposed to EEDCs were analyzed by unconditional logistic regression.As indicated in this research, the concentration of the suspicious occupational Environmental Endocrine Disruptor chemicals in the workplace were at low levels, all of them undering the national standards.The rate of abnormal in menstruation, menstrual period, menstrual cycle and menalgia in the exposure group was obviously higher than those in the control group. It is showed that menstrual cycle rate in the exposed group rose along with the increase of work age, PO.05. There was no significant differences of rate of abnormal menstruation among the pesticides, plastic and chemical female workers, P>0.05. It is also indicated that the main affecting factors which enhanced the abnormal menstruation were the exposure of occupational EEDCs for female workers, the history of disease, induced abortion and reproduction-endocrine related tumors.The rate of hypermesis gravidarum and gestational edema in the exposed group was obviously higher than those in the control group. It is also showed that threatened abortion, gestational edem and pregnace-induced-hypertentionsyndrome of exposed female workers increased with the increases of length of work. Among the three main types of work, the highest rate of complication of pregnancy was in the pesticides female workers and the lowest was plastic, being significant differences, P<0.05. The increased risk of complication of pregnancy was associated with the exposed to occupational EEDCs, the age of pregnancy, the history of disease , abnormal menstruation and contraception measures.There was no significant differences of acyesis between the exposed group and control group, P>0.05. and the rate of premature delivery, postterm pregnance in the exposed group was obviously higher than those in the control group P<0.05. In comparison with the control group, dead-birth, dystocia and spontaneous abortion were higher, but being no significant differences, P>0.05. It is also showed that spontaneous abortion of exposed female workers increased with the increases of length of work, but being no significant differences, P>0.05. The increased risk of spontaneous abortion was associated with the exposure of occupational EEDCs for female workers, work age and contraception measures.There was significant differences of birth defects between the exposed group and control group, but low birth weight, perinatal death and tumors of infant had no remarkable differences between the two groups. It is showed that low birth weight in the exposed group rose along with the increase of work age, but but being no significant differences, P>0.05. Among the three main types of work, the pesticides female workers had the highest birth defect rate in compassion with the other two groups, being significant differences, P<0.05. The increased risk of birth defect was significantly associated with low birth weight. Whose but not exposure to toxicants.There was no significant differences of reproduction-endocrine related tumors between the exposed group and control group, P>0.05. The unconditional logistic regression showed that work age and the age of pregnancy were the main risk factors for reproduction-endocrine related tumors, while the exposure to occupational EEDCs was not associated with an increased risk of reproduction-endocrine related tumors .As a conclusion, The results indicated that the low levels of Environmental Endocrine Disruptor chemicals in the workplace could have adverse effective on the reproductive system of occupationally long-term exposed female workers, resulting in permanent and irreversible menses and pregnancy damages, to female workers. It is also found that work age, older pregnant age, having the experiences of disease, induced abortion and contraception measures were risk factors of female reproductive system. The result also showed that female workers exposed all kinds of pesticides may suffered more harmful effect of the their reproductive function, especially to their offsprings. Therefore, it is important to take effective measures as follows to reduce the occurrence of the reproductive function damage of female workers exposed to suspicious EEDCs in the workplace. The workplace environmental and occupational biological monitoring should be strengthened and to revise some of the maximum allowable concentration(MAC) should be considered in possible. Some kinds of the pesticides which with serious reproductive toxicant, evidencing by animal experiment and epidemiological researches should be forbidden by laws. In order to reduce the pollution of the EEDCs, the technology of produce, the ventilation system and personal protecting equipment should be improved too. It is important to carry out reproductive health surveillance and pregnant health care of female workers, avoidingtoxicant when pregnancing and the educational training of occupational heath for the female workers is important too. Unlike the methods described above, more sensitivity and specificity biomarkers of early effect of low exposure to EEDCs should be found to identify previously unrecognized reproductive damages on female workers.