The Epidemiological Study Of Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Essential Hypertension In The Rural Population Of Fuxin County, Liaoning Province

IntroductionEssential hypertension was harmful to the peopled health for it was the main cause of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases. The prevalence of stroke was high in our country. In one recent study the prevalence of stroke in rural population of Fuxin county was 3.10% which was higher than the average level of our country. We conferred the prevalence of hypertension in this area was high. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence state of essential hypertension in the rural population of Fuxin county, Liaoning province to confirm whether this county is the high prevalence region of essential hypertension , explore the related risk factors of hypertension in this region and provide the hypertensive sample and its information for further studies.MethodsFrom 2004 to 2005 we carried out the epidemiological survey in the rural area of Fuxin county. Thirty thousand and two hundred fourteen 35 years or older from forty - five villages of seven towns were sampled by means of whole population random sampling. Blood pressure, body height, body weight, waist circumference, heart rate was measured and the related risk factors were investigated with the uniform questionnaire. SPSS11.5 of statistical software was used and T - test, χ~2 - test, and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed for data analysis.ResultsIn this region the crude prevalence rate was 36. 2% in the crowds of 35 years or older. The standardized prevalence rate of hypertension was 36. 2% ,35. 4% in male, 37.1% in female. The prevalence rates of five age groups were 20.4% ,34. 2% ,8.7% ,59. 9% and 64. 1% . The prevalence rates of hypertension increased with the increasing of the age. The prevalence rates of hypertension in the Hans, the Manchu, the Mongoloid and other nationalities were 34.9% ,40.2% ,34.9% and 43.4% respectively. There were significant statistically differences in the prevalence rates of hypertension among the different races and different age groups.The related factors were stratified for single factor analysis and multi - factor analysis. The results suggests that age, gender, race, body mass index, waist circumference, heart fate, familial history of essential hypertension, history of hyperlipidemia, salt intake per day, animal fat consumption per year, times of eating pickles, oil food and vegetables per week, alcohol consumption, smoking were risk factors of hypertension in this region;education and times of eating meat per week were protective factors. According to male, female was a risk factor;the Mongoloid nationality was a risk factor comparing with the Han nationality.DiscussionIn this study the prevalence of essential hypertension in this region was36. 2% . It was higher than that in other studies and the average level of our nations. This result showed that this county is the high prevalence region of essential hypertension.Single factor analysis and multi - factor analysis told us there were many risk factors in this area. We also found that the rural population was deficient in the knowledge of hypertension and the rates of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension were very low. So public health measures need to be carried outfor the prevention and therapy of essential hypertension.ConclusionsThe rural area of Fuxin county was a high prevalence region of essential hypertension. There were significant statistically differences in the prevalence rates of hypertension among the different races and different age groups. The prevalence rates of hypertension increased with the increasing of the age. There were many risk factors of essential hypertension in this region.