Extraction & Isolation Of Solamargine And Solasonine In Berries Of Solanum Nigrum And Their Antifungal Activity

Glycoalkaloids are secondary metabolism of plants and distributed mainly in Solanaceaeand Liliaceae. These molecules have an oligosaccharide chain attached at the C3 position ofthe nitrogenous steroidal alkaloid backbone.the sugar chain are uaually trisaccharide ortetrasaccharide. Some investigation have indicated that glycoalkaloids must have beenevolved in nature to protect plants against bacteria, fungi, insects, and animals. They are toxicto a wide range of organisms and are generally considered to be defensive allelochmicals.Thebiological activity of glycoalkaloids is largely due to their membrane-disruptive effects.Theycomplex with sterols in membranes, ultimately to form aggregates and cause loss ofmembrane integrity.The family Solanaceae plant Solanum nigrum is one of the traditional Chinese medicineand possess anticancer, antiinflammatory, antifungal and antiviral et al activity.Solanumnigrum can produce glycoalkaloids solasonine and solamargine which is mainly factors of itspharmacological effects.The study about the untifungal activity of glycoalkaloids is an important moiety in theecology and exploitation of plant resources.But much less information is available on thesecompounds in china,so it is valuable for us to understand and study the biological activity ofglycoalkaloids to pathogenic fungi in china and their mechanism. In this paper the effect ofdifferent extraction ways and solvents on extraction radio of α-solamargine and α-solasoninewere reviewed. with two phytopathogenic fungi Cercosporella brassicae Hoehnel andAlternaria porri Cif as texted strain,the characteristics of antifungal activity of α-solamargineand α-solasonine and their mixtrue were examined by means of inhibition of mycelial growth.The main results obtained from this work are as follows:1. Extraction methods have significant effect on extraction ration of glycoalkaloids.thebest method is use 5% sulphuric acid as solvent.this way is simple on manipulationand save in cost and has the highest extraction ration.2. Purified glycoalkaloids were obtained through repetitive column chromatography onsilica gel and crystallization.3. The glycoalkaloids show a pronounced concentration dependency in their inhibitionof pathgenic fungal growth.Solamargine has higher antifungal activity thansolasonine.4. The mixtures of solasonine and solamargine produced additive effects and didn'tproduce synergistic effects on antifungal activity. the inhibition caused by theglycoalkaloid mixture were equivalent with the expected values(based on summingthe individual activities).