Chromosome, FISH And M-FISH Studies On Multiple Myeloma

Objective TO explore the value of modified cell culture, FISH and M-FISH in detection of chromosomal and genomic aberrations of multiple myeloma.Methods 1 23 MM patients were studied by the following techniques: cytokines IL-6, GM-CSF and IL-3 were used to stimulate plasma cell growth and division or increasing the final concentration of colcemid to observe the chromosomal aberrations in MM;Using a panel of probes (13ql4(D13S319), 14q32(IGHC/IGHVgene) and 17pl3(p53gene)) to perform panel fluorescence in situ hybridization. 2 Seven MM patients with complex chromosomal aberrations (CCAs) were analyzed by combining the technique of conventional cytogenetics (CC), M-FISH and FISH.Results 1 10(43.5%) show chromosomal aberrations;a loss of chromosome 13 in 4 cases (18.2%), the rearrangement of 14q32 in 4 cases (18.2%), and simultaneous -13 and the rearrangement of 14q32 in 2 cases (9%);the detection rate of chromosomal aberrations is 50% in culture with Cg+3, 60% with Cg+3+6, 41.2% with C₂₄;panel FISH disclosed 13q- in 52.6%, 14q32 rearrangement in 66.7%, a loss of P53 in 38.9%;simultaneous del(13q) and 14q32 rearrangement in 26.1%. 2 M-FISH confirmed the aberrations which were unconfirmed by CC, Nine kinds of numeral aberrations and twenty-nine kinds of structural aberrations were detected by M-FISH , In addition, chromosomes 1 aberration, 13 deletion and the rearrangement of 14 were the most frequently involved aberrations. FISH disclosed del(13ql4) in 6 MM patients;del(17pl3) in 4 MM patients;one translocation of 14q32 in 5 MM patients, two in No 6,No7.Conclusion Using cytokines to stimulate plasma cell growth and division can improve the rate of chromosomal aberrations in MM certainly;and panel FISH can further improve the detection rate of chromosomal aberrations in MM;M-FISH combined with FISH could refine CCAs of MM patients, find or correct the missed or misidentified abnormalities analyzed by conventional cytogenetics. It provides an ideal method for the research of chromosomal aberrations in MM.