Study Of Combined Toxicity Of Formaldehyde And Benzene On Blood System In Mice

ObjectIn the middle of 20th century, people had already realizedindoor air pollution was more serious than outdoors, in the recent20 years , indoor air pollution became the concernedenvironmental problem in many country. Because of constructionand ornament materials have taken place the fundamental changein the nature and composition of the modern craft ,formaldehyde and benzene ( volatile organic matter) becomeseverily air killer of modern indoor air pollution. Theformaldehyde is a kind of colourless stimulating gas apt todissolve, and mainly used as wood-based plate , furniture ,coating ,etc, it can strongly stimulate on eyes , nose , bronchus ofthe human. Benzene is widely used in the paint , paint coatingadditive , adhesive and waterproof coating . It can stranglydamage the hematopoietic system and nervous system .For a longperiod of timeto exposed to benzene. To explore toxicity offormaldehyde and benzene in blood peripheral, this researchmeasure the changes of blood routine index,reticulocyte, neutralleukocyte cell alkaline phosphatase, endothelin and nitric oxide,interleukins-1 and tumour necrosis factor , marrow stromalfibroblasts in mice of exposed to formaldehyde and benzene. Through todetect these index to explore the combined toxicity of benzeneand formaldehyde on blood in rat.Method Choose common Kunming mice of animal in Jilinuniversity ,weight 20±2g, sex in half. The mice were randomlyclassified into 10 groups (one control group and nine experimentgroups),10 per group.sex in half. The formaldehyde poisonousdose is (15 mg/ m3 , 30 mg/ m3 , 60mg/ m3), benzene dose is (1 g/m3 , 5 g/ m3 , 10g/ m3).Use static inhalation style ,2h/d,6d/w. 8w continuously,before killing the mice,separating the liver,spleen,kidneyimmediately,cleaned the fat of surface to weighs directly,computing the ratio of organ. Use blood automatic analysisinstrument was detect hematoglobin index,such as leucocytecounting and classifying , red blood cell counting and HB;Veinblood smear, observe and count poisoning granule with oilmirror.Taking the blood from the eyeball of mice and putting todeath, thighbone was taken on one side of body, washing out bonemarrow ,to detect bone marrow and little mouse marrow stromalfibroblasts. Take brestbone and spleen , putting into 10% neutralformaldethde solution affix immediately , observe their shapechange under the microscope. Using immunoassay to detect thecell factor: IL-1 and TNF.Statistics analyses of quantitative data were conducted usingvariance analyses.ResultEffect of formaldehyde and benzene on the boby weight ofmice:The weight of mice in 8th week were significantly lowerthan that of the control group(P<0.05).Effect of formaldehyde and benzene on the mouse'speriphery blood index:Red cell count and HB in different grouplittle by little decreased,but there is no significantly comparedwith control group. Reticulocyte have significantly in middlegroup of benzene , high benzene and unite dose group withcontrol group P<0.05. Leucocyte count have significantly inbenzene dose group and combine group with control group(P<0.05). The blood platelet gradually decreased in different dosegroups , but there is no meaning with control group. Neutralpoisoning gramule in different dose of benzene and unite groupswere significantly with control group P<0.05,and has meaning inhigh dose formaldehyde P<0.05. neutral leukocyte cell alkalinephosphatase Neutral grains of cell alkaline phosphatase havesignificantly in benzene dose group and combine group withcontrol group (P<0.05). Neutral cells and monocyte have thetendency to rise compared with the control group, but there is nosignificance meaning by statistics test. lymphocyte have thetendency to drop compare with control group, but there is nosignificance meaning by statistics test.Effect of formaldehyde and benzene on the biochemicalindex of mice: With the increase of dye dose and rise , ET havesignificance meaning in high benzene and high unite groupcompared with control group P<0.05. NO have the tendency todrop with the increase of dye dose , there are significancemeaning in high benzene and high unite group compared withcontrol group P<0.05.Effect of formaldehyde and benzene on the pathology ofmice:From pathology,we can see that bone marrow and spleenwere damaged in various degree ,especially in high benzene andunite . Bone marrow smear have significantly change in highbenzene and unite groups .Effect of formaldehyde and benzene on the cytokine ofmice:IL-1 have obviously drop in high benzene and unitegroups,and there were significance compared with control groupP<0.05 . TNF is obviously rises in high benzene and unite groups,and there were significance compared with control group P<0.05 .Effect of formaldehyde and benzene on the marrow stromalfibroblasts of mice: Formaldehyde and benzene can influence onhemopoietic microenvironment of mice . The result of fiber cellcultivation of formaldehyde and benzene indicate , with theincrease of dose , Marrow stromal fibroblasts gradully drop,and itsquantity became turbulance in order with control group.ConclusionThis research indicates, exposed to low dose formaldehydeand benzene can cause little mouse periphery blood take change ,cause the change of the active substance of blood vessel inreduction of the blood cell, bone marrow and pathologic result ofspleen show inmature grains of cell increase , periphery bloodreduction of blood cell supplement , indicate bone marrow andspleen present morbid state hematopoiesis. Train and collect andleave counting to obviously reduce outside the body inhemopoietic microenvironment of bone marrow. Thisexperimental result has offered the basis for the early sensitiveindex exposed to formaldehyde and benzene;Have offered thecard for study on toxic respect of the blood system offormaldehyde and enlightened and complemented;Whether havecooperative effect that has offered the reference basis forformaldehyde and benzene;Have offered scientific basis forprevention and cure of indoor air and pollutant .