| OBJECTIVE: 1. For clinical provided auxiliary diagnosis, investigating traits of cognitive function in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). 2. Analyzing psychological social development traits of ADHD children, such as emotion and feeling, empathy, attachment, peer relationship and self-concept, and so on. 3. For clinical correction intervention provided theoretical basis, investigating relationship about ADHD children's traits of cognitive function and psychological social development and clinical manifestations.METHODS: Study had been hold among 2-4 grade 2045 students in five primary schools. First, the teacher in charge of the class filled out "the Hyperkinetic Symptoms Questionnaire". It could screen the suspected ADHD children. Then clinicians asked the suspected ADHD children's illness history and gave clinical diagnosis according to DSM-IV. Last, we assured that the ADHD children who agreed with our criteria had 89 persons. We randomly chose 150 normal children in ratio compare to the ADHD children's sex, age, family and learning score match in the same class. The ADHD group and control group were measured by the common questionnaire, Face Scale, Positive and Negative Affect Scale Table, Emotional Divide Scale, Empathy Scale for Children, Attachment Safety Scale for Children, Friendship Quality Questionnaire, Song-Hattie Self-concept Scale separately. They used same subject and same test guidance in the silence classroom. The children had been divided into 6 groups, 40 of each, total of 239 people. After testing, the investigator tested the 239 children one by one, using Number Cancel and Stroop Test.RESULTS: 1.Traits of cognitive function: ?In attention test, the total of opps(Op) and lapsus(La) in ADHD were higher than those in control, pure scores(Pu) were lower than those in control. (2)In response inhibition test, the time of part A, B, C, D in ADHD were more than those of the control, the error of part B, C, D in ADHD were higher than those in control, MIT in ADHD were more than those in control.2.Traits of psychological social development: (1)Well-being in ADHD was lower than that in control, Positive Emotion in ADHD was lower than that of the control, Negative Emotion was higher than that in control, Angry and Sadness in ADHD were higher than those in control, Happiness in ADHD was lower than that in control. (2) Positive Sharing and Emotion Attention in ADHD were lower than those in control.(3) Mother-dependence, Father-dependence, Mother-intimacy, Father-intimacy, Mother-child Attachment, Father-child Attachment of the ADHD children were all lower than those controls, Father-dependence, Father-intimacy, Father-child Attachment in ADHD children were higher than Mother-dependence, Mother-intimacy, Mother-child Attachment; Father-intimacy was lower than Mother-intimacy in control. (4)Companion and Recreation, Conflict Solve, Positive Friendship Quality in ADHD were lower than those in control, Conflict and Betray was higher than that in control. (5)Ability-concept, Achievement-concept, Self-confident-concept, body-concept, Companion-concept, Schoolwork-concept and Non-schoolwork-concept in ADHD were lower than those in control.3.The correlation analysis of clinical manifestations of ADHD and cognitive function and psychological social development: (1)There was negative correlation between Well-being and DSMAT, DSMHT, Average Error, CIT, MIT, La; there was negative correlation between PA and DSMAT, DSMHT, AE, CIT, MIT, La, and positive correlation in Pu; there was positive correlation between NA and DSMAT, DSMHT, AE, CIT, negative correlation in Pu; there was negative correlation between Happiness and DSMAT, DSMHT, CIT; there was positive correlation between Angry and DSMAT, DSMHT, CIT; there was positive correlation between Afraid and DSMAT, MIT; there was positive correlation between Sad and DSMAT, DSMHT, AE; (2)There was positive correlation between Su and DSMAT and La; there was negative correlation between PS and DSMAT and AE, and significantly positive correlation in Pu; there was significantly negative correlation between EA and DSMAT; there was negative correlation between FO and CIT;(3)There was negative correlation between MA, FA, MD and DSMAT, DSMHT, AE, CIT, MIT, La, and significantly positive correlation in Pu; there was negative correlation between FD and DSMAT, DSMHT, AE, CIT, La, there was negative correlation between MI and DSMAT, DSMHT, AE, La, and significantly positive correlation in Pu; (4)There was negative correlation between AC and AE; there was negative correlation between HI and AE, CIT, MIT, and positive correlation in Pu; there was significantly negative correlation between CR and DSMAT, DSMHT, AE, CIT, La, and significantly positive correlation in Pu; there was negative correlation between SC and DSMAT, and positive correlation in Pu; there was negative correlation between PF and DSMAT, AE, CIT, Pu; there was negative correlation between CB(NF) and DSMAT; (5)There was significantly negative correlation between ABC and DSMAT, DSMHT, AE, CIT, MIT, La, significantly positive correlation in Pu; there was negative correlation between CLC and La; there was negative correlation between ACC, SWC and DSMAT, DSMHT, AE, CIT; there was negative correlation between FAC and La; there was negative correlation between BOC and DSMAT, DSMHT, CIT, and positive correlation in Pu; there was negative correlation between SCC and DSMAT, DSMHT, AE, CIT, MIT, La, significantly positive correlation in Pu; there was negative correlation between COC, NSC and DSMAT, DSMHT, AE, CIT, significantly positive correlation in Pu.4.The regression analysis of clinical manifestations of ADHD and cognitive function and psychological social development: (1) DSMAT and CIT affected on Well-being, PA, NA and Angry, DSMHT and CIT affected on Happiness, MIT affected on Afraid; DSMAT affected on Sadness;(2)Su was affected by La; DSMAT affected on PS and EA; FO was affected by CIT;(3)DSMAT and CIT affected on MA, DSMAT, CIT and La affected on FA;(4)DSMAT and Pu affected on PF, DSMAT affected on NF; (5) DSMAT, AE and CIT affected on SWC, DSMAT affected on NSC.CONCLUSIONS: 1.The results of Number Cancel Test and Stroop Test were been different notably between the ADHD group and the control, so these two tests reflected the traits of neuropsychlology and can provide the evidence for clinical auxiliary diagnosis.2.The emotion state of ADHD child was worse than normal child, Well-being lower, Positive Emotion less, Negative Emotion more, and ADHD child were father angry, sadness and pessimistic.3.The Attachment Security of ADHD was worse than in control, there was difference in ADHD child of Mother-attachment and Father-attachment, but there was balance in normal child.4.The social development, such as Empathy Ability, Friendship and Self-concept, in ADHD were all worse than normal.5.There was the different correlation in clinical manifestations of ADHD and cognitive function and psychological social development, but there was no correlation in hyperactivity disorder and Empathy and Negative Friendship.6.Children's psychological social development affected mainly by attentional disorder, meanwhile it affected by impairment of executive function, but hyperactivity disorder didn't affect on children's psychological social development. It was suggested that to treat ADHD, we would establish corrective intervention plan to social development specifically. |
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