Assay Of Histological Expressions Of Human Follistatin And MUC1

Follistatin is a single polypeptide chain, which was isolated from ovarian follicular fluid and directly inhibit the secretion of FSH from anterior pituitary, and has a widely histological distribution. The characterization of FS expression indicates that it may have different functions on different kind of cells. FS can specifically bind activin, directly inhibit activin's biological activity and take part in regulation of physiological functions. Mouse gene knock indicates that FS plays important role from embryo to maturity of organism. FS and activin often coexist and coexpress to make a balance system for maintaining normal function of organization and organ. That is to say one is over expression or another decrease will result in imbalance of FS-ACT system with physiological defect and the course of pathology of some organization tissues and organ.MUC1 is the mucin that is a membrane protein composed of core peptide and carbohydrate side chain expressed on normal epithelia cells and adenocarcinoma cells. There are some differences of MUC1 expression between normal and tumor cells. Normal MUC1 exists on ductal epithelia as a large heavily glycosylated protein is expressed only on the apical cell surface near the duct lumen. The expression of MUC1 is up-regulated on tumour cells where it undergoes changes in deglycosylation and distributes on the whole tumor cell surface,that make it distinct from normal mucin. Therefore,the differences of MUC1 expression between normal and tumor cells make it a potential marker for tumor diagnosis.1. ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of FS and MUC1 in Human tissues and their clinical significance for diseases diagnosis.2. Methods(1) The level of FS proteins in sera of patients with cancer was assayed by two site ELISA.(2) FS and MUC1 mRNA in tissues and the peripheral blood of different patients, such as lung tumor, breast cancer, was tested by fluorescent-quantitative RT-PCR.(3) The distribution of FS and MUC1 proteins in Lung tumor, breast and ovarian cancer tissues was analysed by immunohistochemistry.(4) FS and MUC1 mRNA in the peripheral blood and placenta of pregnant woman was examined by fluorescent-quantitative RT-PCR.(5) The distribution of FS and MUC1 proteins was examined in placenta tissues by immunohistochemistry.3. Research results(1) The levels of FS protein in sera of lung cancer, breast carcinoma, liver cancer and ovarian cancer patients were greatly higher than that of the normal health group, The positive rate is ovarian carcinoma(60%)>liver cancer(40%)and breast cancer(40%)>lung cancer(30%)>gastric cancer(20%) >renal carcinoma(0%)。(2) The levels of FS protein were distinct in different type of lung cancer tissues, adencarcinoma is significantly higher than the normal group, p<0.01. There was no change in small cell lung cancer group.(3) In lung cancer patients, the level of circulating MUC1 mRNA in sera was significantly higher than the control group (p<0.01), the level of circulating FS mRNA was significantly higher than the control group (p<0.01) exclude small cell lung cancer. The level of circulating FS mRNA had not obviously changed in the cancer of breast, but the level of MUC1 mRNA was remarkably higher than control group.(4) Immunohistochemistry staining showed that FS protein expressed differently in lung cancer, adenocarcinoma>adeno and squamo cancer> squamocarcinima>small cell lung cancer.(5) FS and MUC1 protein were expressed obviously in ovary tumor tissuses. Intensity of FS is as follow: mucinous carcinoma>serous cystadenoma>endometrioid carcinoma > squamo cancer > clear-cell carcinoma > serous cystadenocarcinoma. Intensity of MUC1 has no significant difference in ovary tumor tissue.(6) The levels of FS and MUC1 mRNA in placental villus and peripheral blood were significantly decreased in inevitable abortion patients, compared with that in the subjects of the early trimester of pregnancy. Immunohistochemistry staining showed that the expression of FS and MUC1 was more significant decrease in placental tissues in inevitable abortion pateints than that in early trimester of pregnancy. 4. ConclusionThe level of FS protein is distinct in diverse tumor,and the quantity of FS, MUC1 protein and mRNA is distinct in different types of tumors come from the same tissue. All the data suggested that circulating FS and MUC1 in circulation blood may be directly secreted from tumor cells.All the findings suggest that FS expression of tumor cells and Circulating FS mRNA levels have important diagnosis value plays an important role in clinical diagnosis and determine phathological types of different cancer. However, it still need further discussion to determine whether abnormal high levels of FS and MUC1 mRNA was the cause of tumor genesis or the result of tumor genesis.