Study On The Chemical Structure And Anti Cancer Of Chinese Ganoderma

GanodermaSinensis or Chinese Ganoderma, is the sporophore of Ganoderma sinense in the Polyporaceae. For its great value in nutrition, health maintenance, and medical treatment, it has been accepted as a precious traditional Chinese medicine. It is demonstrated in the modern pharmaceutics and clinics that Ganoderma has the function in resisting oncosis and senility together with decreasing the blood glucose and the blood fat. Confirmed by the scientific research, it is the polysaccharides in Ganoderma that plays the above functions. In order to illustrate the structure of a specific saccharide, it is required to be characterized in the following six aspects: (1) Molecular mass; (2) the compositive glycose; (3) the location of the glucosidic bond within the glycose residues; (4) the ligation way of the glycose residues; (5) the kind of the circular structure; (6) the configuration of the glucosidic bond.In this research we analyzed the supernatant and sediments by the means of ethanol gradient precipitation. The supernatant is mainly composed by the matters of smaller molecules, such as the glycose, oligose and ect, however, the sediments are mainly the polysaccharides. From the previous reports, the main pharmaceutical component is also the polysaccharide, which is the reason why we applied detailed research in the sediments. Firstly, we take the assaying of the neutral saccharide, protein and the glycuronate, the result of which showed that the former two components respectively occupied 40% and 20 % with the lowest contents of the glycuronate. Through the ultrafiltration and the deproteinization, the polysaccharide mainly contains the glycoprotein, the larger one of which is the main components of GanodermaSinensis used as resistance of the oncosis. To further analysis, we adopted the chemical components and molecular mass research for the different concentration ethanol-precipitated sediments. Final result showed all the sediments contained the fucose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, galactose and glucose which proved they belong to the homologous series of the glycoprotein, only with distinct mole ratios and different molecular mass. For deeper analysis of the complicate structure of the glycoprotein, we got the purified glycoprotein through the process of isolation by DEAE- Sephadex A-50 and subsequent purification by Sephadex G-150. Finally, using the PMP derivatization and methylation, we understand, in its principal chain, it is (1-3) glucose composition.