Modulation Of Algal Polysaccharide On The Nucleation, Growth And Aggregation Of Urinary Calculi Calcium Oxalate

The Modulation of four marine algal polysaccharide (polysaccharide of Eucheuma striatum, laminarin, Polysaccharides of Grateloupia filicina , Polysaccharides of Gracilaria) isolated from algaes on the crystallization of calcium oxalate was investigated in water liquid and dilute urine by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectrum (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction(XRD), the Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrometer (UV), atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), and so on. We can draw out inhibitory ability of the several algal polysaccharides on calcium oxalate: polysaccharide of Grateloupia filicina > laminarin > polysaccharide of Gracilaria> polysaccharide of Eucheuma striatum.The results indicated that the addition of polysaccharide of Eucheuma striatum (ESPS) could inhibit the growth and aggregation of calcium oxalate monhydrate (COM) crystals and induce the formation of calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) crystals. The increase of the concentration of ESPS can further enhance the stabilization of the ((?)01) face but weaken the (020) face of COM to disappear. The morphology of COM changes from three-dimensional crystals to tetragonal slice crystals, the size of both COM and COD apparently become smaller and the content of COD turn more with the increase of algal polysaccharide concentration, therefore they inhibit the growth of calcium oxalate (CaOxa) crystal.Laminarin could inhibit the nucleation, growth and aggregation of COM crystals, transform it to COD, therefore induce the formation of COD crystals. It form slice, rounded COM crystals and the (020) face of COM to disappear in low concentration. The increase of the concentration of LPS, the size of crystals become smaller and induce the formation of COD crystals. When the concentration of LPS reach 0.2 mg/mL, form 100% COD crystals.Polysaccharides of Grateloupia filicina and Gracilaria could weak the (020) and ((?)01) faces of COM, inhibit the nucleation, growth and aggregation of COM crystals. In the same time, they can induce and stabilize COD crystals, the quantity of them increases with the concentration of polysaccharides.Our research also found that temperature is marked on the influence of algal polysaccharide on the crystallization of calcium oxalate. Low temperature favor the formation of COD that is induced by algal polysaccharide.All these factors can prevent the formation of CaOxa urinary stones. It indicated that algal polysaccharide maybe a potential inhibitor to CaOxa urinary stones.