Preparation Of Polymeric Scaffolds Materials For Tissue Engineering And Its Experimental Study

Tissue engineering emerge as the times require in 1980s of the 20thcentury. One of its characteristics is that seed cells are planted onscaffolds materials and the tissue engineering tissue is planted into thebone defect area once it form. Nowadays,scaffolds research is the hotspotin tissue engineering field. An ideal tissue engineering material shouldmeet the demands as follows: (1)right biocompatibility; (2)rightbiodegradability or resorbablity; (3)its degradation speed corresponds withthe bone growth capability; (4)porous fabrication with aperture from200μm to 400μm; (5)very strong penetration power; (6)exact lacuna sizefor growth of seed cells; (7)mechanical strength providing micro-stresscircumstance for cells; etc.Scaffold materials in existence involve in natural and syntheticmaterials. The scaffold materials which received considerableinvestigation include collagen, PLA, PGA, PMMA, HA, TCP andcoral. Synthetic macromolecule materials have advantages such ascontrollable capability, no immunogenicity and fight biocompatibility.PLA, PGA and PLGA are the biodegradable materials applied mostbroadly. Their disadvantages include as following: low mechanicalstrength, acid degradation outcomes unfavorable to cells growth, notcorresponding biodegradaton speed with bone growth, toxic organic solvents remained.In this study, the obtained macromolecule material—LDIG polymerwas purified and nanometerized by means of SAS. A macromoleculescaffold material with certain aperture and lacuna rate was acquired. Theexperimental study was divided into 3 portions as follows:1. Preparation and characteristics of polymeric scaffolds nano-material(1) The polymeric scaffolds material was measured by scanningelectron microscope as 100.0～400.0μm (average 276.0±87.2μm),75.6%, respectively.(2) The macromolecule material was revealed as a potential tissueengineering material by a series of characterization in physical capability.(3) The obtained macromolecule material was pure and nontoxic dueto innoxious raw material and process which accorded with the viewpointof 'green chemistry' and elimination of organic solvent in the course ofpreparation.2. Biological evaluation of macromolecule nano-materialsAccording to the correlative regulations of Technical EvaluationStandards of Biomedical Materials and Medical Instruments promulgatedby National Ministry of Health, the experiments of acute toxicity, pyrogen,hemolysis and implantation into muscles were investigated to evaluatethe biocompatibility of the polymer. The results of experiments on acute toxicity, pyrogen, hemolysis, implantation into muscles met the regulatonsmentioned above.3. Biocompatibility of macromolecule nano-material and marrowosteoblast(1) Mice osteoblasts sticked to the surface of the material andproliferated in the course of nature normally since they were seeded onthe scaffolds. As the time of osteoblast culture extended, the density ofcells on the macromolecule material scaffolds increased and osteoblastssecreted extracellular matrix. It was proved that the polymer material hadfavourable biocompatibility of osteoblasts and was an ideal material inbone tissue engineering.