| Objective Obesity is a kind of chronic nutritional disorder that can endanger human health in modern society. WHO considered that obesity is the excessive accumulation of fat in body to cause damage to the health of a chronic non-communicable disease. Obesity is not only the important factor of causing adult hypertension, Hypercholesterolaemia and Cardiovascular disease, but also the important negative factor of growth, development and mental health of children. A lot of adult obesity is closely related to their body weight development when they were in childhood. About 80% of children obesity may change to be adult obesity then become an key factor of causing all kinds of diseases. People of overweight in childhood and obesity are important indicators of forecasting adult obesity and related health risks with a great significance. International Committee of obesity turned the meaning of children obesity "danger of obesity" to "disease of obesity" first time to confirm children obesity is a kind of disease formally.Adolescence is the period of re-establishing balance in endocrine system that is related to physical development, sexual development etc of children, such as the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis system, as a key period, adolescence is a period with high percentage of children obesity occurring as well. Many of children hormones have been changing in adolescence, it plays a vital role for physical development of children and the initiation of puberty. The discovery of leptin offered a new idea and means for researching the relationship of child obesity occurring and adolescent development. The study probe into leptin, soluble leptin receptor, insulin , testosterone, estradiol, luteotrophic hormone and follicle stimulating hormone changes of hormones levels of obese children through a researching of hormone levels in vivo, personal living habits, family and genetic factors of obese children in four middle schools of Zhengzhou city to provide reliable basis for identifying child obesity-related reasons, decreasing adolescent children obesity occurring, preventing of adult obesity and obesity-related diseases.Methods Take out four middle schools by the principle of stratified sample assurveys in Zhengzhou city, object of survey is all students of grade 1 in the four junior school. Select 99 obese children who aged at 12-14 through anthropometry with selection criteria, select normal weight children of same age, same sex, similar height(x|-±S) according to 1:1 partnership to compare. Collect the information of selectedchildren , their parents and living habits through questionnaires , take X-ray photo and calculate bone age of selected children by LiGuozhen "bone percentage counting", measure children's hormone levels by laboratory tests,determine the content of serum leptin, insulin, C-peptide, testosterone, estradiol, luteotrophic hormone and follicle stimulating hormone by RIA assay, determine the content of soluble leptin receptor by ELISA. Test the results date by t-test and correlation analysis. Then select the obesity-related risk factors by multiple regression and logistic regression analysis. Notable test standard a = 0.05.Results 1. 99 pairs juniors were selected in this survey who aged at 12～14(13.00±0.45, x|- +S ) years old. A total of 132 boys, 66 were obese children and 66 were normal children. A total of 66 girls, 33 were obese children and 33 normal children. The average index of age of obese boys group is 13.00±0.43 years,height is 166.09±6.88cm,sitting height is 53.10±0.99cm,weight is 80.79±8.29kg; the average index of age of normal boys group is 13.00±0.43 years,height is 164. 79± 6.92cm,sitting height is 52. 73±1.11cm,weight is 55. 59±7.58kg. the average index of age of obese girls group is 13.00+0.50 years,height is 157. 27±5.50cm,sitting height is 54.12±1.27cm,weight is 69. 85 + 7.34kg; the average index of age of normal girls group is 13.00±0.50years,height is 157. 51±4.56cm,sitting height is 53. 59±0.99cm,weight is 48. 79±4.16kg. The body weight of the parents of obese children 79.31±10.55, 65.36±9.43kg was significantly heavier than that of parents of normal children 72.95±8.90. 61.05±6.56kg, P<0.05. It suggest that the body weight of the parents give a great impact on that of the children.2. The level of serum leptin 28.72±15.13ng/ml, insulin 36.21±15.37mIU/L and C-peptide 5.77±2.89μg/L of obese children was significantly higher than that of the normal group 7.65±4.84ng/ml, 20.46±13.72mIU/L, 3.21±1.59μg/L ,P< 0.01; the level of soluble leptin receptor of obese children 12.81±4.20ng/ml was significantly lower than that of normal children 17.28±6.45ng/ml, P<0.01.LEP of the children in the two group were negative correlation with sOB-R, coefficient are -0.418 and -0.312,P<0.01.LEP of the children in the two group were highly correlated with Ins, C-peptide, the correlation coefficient were 0.380, 0.540 and 0.284,0.328,P<0.01.Correlation coefficient of FLI of children in the two group with insulin and C-peptide were 0.315,0.408 and 0.379,0.381rP<0.01.3. Level of serum estradiol 22. 93 + 20. 93ng/L and luteotrophic hormone 8. 63 + 6. 51IU/L and bone age 13. 95 + 0. 62years of obese children were significantly higher than that of the normal group 15.71±11.04ng/L, 5.89±2.84IU/L,13.47±0.66 years,P<0.'01. Testosterone level of obese children 229.61±167.23μg/L was higher than the normal children 285.90±202.56μg/L. Estradiol, follicle stimulating hormone level of obesity boys is not different from the normal group,P> 0.05. The level of estradiol 47. 99±18. 49ng/L, follicle stimulating hormone 15. 36 + 7. 24Iu/L of obese girls are higher than the normal group of girls 27. 22±11. 26ng/L,7. 47±3.16IU/L, P<0.01.The average of menarche age of obese girls 11.58±1.30 years is earlier than that of normal group of girls 12.32±0.48 years,P<0.05.4. Correlation analysis and multivariate analysis showed that BMI have a close relationship with estradiol and luteotrophic in children who aged at 12～14 years old, it's correlation coefficient 0.139,0.192, P<0.05. Correlation coefficients of leptin and testosterone, estradiol and luteotrophic hormone, follicle stimulating hormone were -0.01468 (P=0.0026), 0.29434 (P=0.0001), -0.27677 (P=0.2442), -0.36321 (P=0.1922). Correlation coefficients of serum lepton and testosterone, estradiol, follicle stimulating hormone, luteotrophic hormone levels of the obese children were -0.037 (P<0.05), 0.251 (P<0.05), -1.002 (F<0.05), -0.406 (P>0.05). Correlation coefficient of serum lepton ,testosterone, estradiol, follicle stimulating hormone, luteotrophic hormone level of normal children were—0.009 (P <0.05), 0.74 (P>0.05), 0.053 (P>0.05), -0.034 (P>0.05).Conclusions 1. There were significant differences between early youth obesegroup and normal group for the serum lepton, sOB-R, FLI, Ins and C-p levels both in boys and girls. The level of lepton in obese children is 3.75 times higher than that in normal children, the level of Ins and C-p in obese children are higher than in normal children, which suggests there are a lepton resistance and a insulin resistance in obese children, also obese children suffering from diabetes, hypertension and hyper cholesterolaemia than normal children with higher probability.2. There was a close relationship among serum lepton,sOB-R,FLIK FLI,Ins,C-p in the fat group and normal group. The relationship of the LEP,FLK Ins,C-p and sOB-R is negative, the relationship of theFLL Ins,-p and LEP is the positive, also is Ins,C-p and FLI, Ins and C-p.3. The level of hormons related to sexual development in obese children in puberty was different with that in normal children.Obesity enable the secretion of hormons related to sexual development in children disorder.There was a close relationship among serum T,E2,FSH and lepton in obese children, but among serum T amd lepton in normal children.The bone age of obese boys and girls are older than in normal children.The menarche age of obese girls are younger than in the control group. 4. Multivariate analysis showed that obesity has relationship with the many factors,thereinto the affect of leptin to obesity degree is the most, the affect of E2 is the least. There is a negative correlation between BMI and sOB-R,and a positive correlation among weight of parents,LEPFLL,Ins,C-p,E2,LH. These factors affect the incidence of children obesity,at the same time, children obesity could affect these factors. |
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