Antimalarial Activities Of Polysaccharides From Mushroom (Bulgaria Inquinans) And Ginseng (Panax Ginseng) In Mice

An investigation of the anti-malarial activities of extracts from the Mushroom Bulgariainquinans and Panax ginseng and an evaluation of their potency as in vivo antimalarial agentsagainst Plasmodiun yoelii in Mice were carried out.The first part of this paper describes the isolation of polysaccharides from Bulgariainquinans(mushroom) and threes fractions were obtained. Crude polysaccharide powder (CPP),polysaccharide extract 1 (PE1) and polysaccharide extract 2(PE2).Due to the small amount of PE1 and PE2, further studies were not carried out. Aftersignificant purification (deprotein and removal of impurities) and gel filtrationchromatography of CPP, purified polysaccharide power (PPP) were obtained. The content ofcarbohydrate, protein, ash and uronic acid was determined. Curative and preventive biossaystests with the PPP were then carried out.In the second part of this paper, the point was focused on the antimalarial activities of twofractions of Chinese herb. Ginseng fraction A (GFA) contains mainly amylase and proteins,and Ginseng fraction B (GFB) contains only polysaccharides. Curative and preventive tests ofantimalaria were carried out using different concentrations of GFA and GFB.Bulgaria inquinans extracts showed effective antimalarial activity in both curative andpreventive test. CPP showed significant antimalarial activity on test of early malaria infectionat dose of 200mg/kg (P＜0.01). The results also exhibit marked effect with 400mg/kg for fourdays and 200mg/kg for eight days on residual infection (P＜0.05).Effects of the GFA and GFB polysaccharides extract against plasmodium yoelii on earlymalaria infection. GFA at dose of 400mg/kg was found to have significant antimalarialactivity (P＜0.05). Because the number of mice in this test was less than the requirement ofstatistical significance, further test must be carried out with this extract in the future. The extractof GFA and GFB also didn't show dose dependent inhibition ratio in residual infection. It wasobserved that doses of 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400 mg/kg of Ginseng A and 100mg/kg and200 mg/kg of Ginseng B per day gave 17.62%, 29.11%, 25.08%, 15.17% and 20.66%parasitaemia, respectively. This extract of 100mg/kg Ginseng fraction B was found to have asignificant antimalarial activity in this test (P＜0.05). The compared result of Ginseng A andGinseng B at same dose, showed Ginseng B was better and the most active than Ginseng A inthe anti-malarial activity.