The Expression Of Id-1, TGF-β₁ And MMP-9 In The Gastric Adenocarcinoma And The Preneoplastic Lesions

Aim: To investigate the expression of Id-1,TGF-β1,MMP-9 in the gastric adenocarcinoma and the preneoplastic lesions, and to study the possible relationships among Id-1,TGF-β1 and MMP-9 in the development of gastric adenocarcinoma..Methods: The expression of Id-1,TGF-β1,MMP-9 in chronic superficial gastritis (CSG, 30 cases), which was designed as the control group, chronicatrophy gastritis (CAG, 30cases), intestinal metaplasia (IM, 30 cases), dysplasia (Dys, 20 cases) and gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC, 59 cases) were detected by immunohistochemical techniques (SP). Results:1. From CAG, IM, Dys to GAC tissues, the expression of Id-1 increased gradually, and the strongest positive immunological reaction was found in GAC. In CSG, CAG, IM, Dys and GAC tissues, the proportion of Id-1 mild expression were 83.33%, 63.33%, 26.67%, 10% and 0%, respectively, while the proportion of middle expression were 6.67%, 33.33%, 63.33%, 35% and 27.12%, respectively, and of high expression were 0%, 0%, 10%, 55% and 72.88%, respectively. Significant difference was found among the expression of CAG, IM, Dys, GAC and CSG (P<0.05).2. The expression of Id-1 in the advanced GAC was significantly higher than that in the early stage (80% vs 33.33%, P <0.05).3. No significant difference was found among the expression of cancer tissues with different differentiations (P>0.05).4. From CAG, IM, Dys to GAC tissues, the expression of TGF-β1 increased gradually, and the strongest positive immunological reaction was found in GAC. In CSG, CAG, IM, Dys and GAC tissues, the proportion of TGF-β1 mild expression were 76.67%, 30%, 16.67%, 15% and 0%, respectively, while the proportion of middle expression were 16.67%, 10%, 60%, 35% and 23.73%, respectively, and of high expression were 0%, 10%, 23.33%, 50% and 76.27%, respectively. Significant difference was found among the expression of CAG, IM, Dys, GAC and CSG (P<0.05).5. From CAG, IM, Dys to GAC tissues, the expression of MMP-9 increased gradually. In CSG, CAG, IM, Dys and GAC tissues, the proportion of MMP-9 mild expression were 76.67%, 56.67%, 20%, 0% and 0%, respectively, while the proportion of middle expression were 10%, 36.67%, 46.67%, 45% and 35.59%, respectively, and of high expression were 0%, 0%, 33.33%, 55% and 64.41%, respectively. Significant difference was found among the expression of CAG, IM, Dys, GAC and CSG(P<0.05). But no significant difference was found between Dys and GAC(P>0.05).6. From CSG, CAG, IM, Dys to GAC, positive correlation was found between the severity of gastric mucosa lesions and the expression of Id-1, while the same tendency was also found in the expression of TGF-β1, MMP-9 (Id-1 rs=0.803, P=0.025, TGF-β1 rs=0.727, P=0.037, MMP-9 rs=0.746, P=0.033).Conclusions: The expression of Id-1 was gradually increased from preneoplastic lesions to the GAC, which implied that Id-1 may play an important role in the carcinogenesis of gastric cancer. The expression tendence of TGF-β1 and MMP-9 showed highly coincidence to that of Id-1 in the preneoplastic lesions and GAC tissues, which imply that a positive correlation may exist among them.