The Expanded Process Of Ginseng And Studies On Qualities Of Expanded Cut Crude Drug

Ginseng is the dry root of Panax ginseng C.A.Mey., which belongs to the panax genus of the family Araliaceae. The effect is to help restore vitality greatly, benefit the wisdom, vital energy and promote the production of body fluid, help the weak become strong, prolong life. The ginseng is the favorite choice that people eat tonic food, how to use ginseng better it seems to be very important. Experiments show that the ginsenoside is the marking composition of the ginseng. But the ginseng quality is tough, distilling active ingredient is more time-consuming and difficult, so the experimenter apply the puffed food principle, do the expanded process on the ginseng, and get a new cut crude drug---the ginseng expanded cut crude drug. The text is to study on qualties of ginseng and expanded cut crude drug, seeing about the effects of expanded processon ginseng.Expanded ginseng by the bulking machine in the experiment, do the estimation of quality such as character identifications, microscopical identifications and TLC discrimination. Mensurate content of ginsenoside (Rg₁, Re) by HPLC, and found HPLC fingerprints of ginseng and expanded cut crude drug.The resultsas follows:1. Microscopical identification and TLC discrimination: After the expanded process, the structure of ginseng changed greatly, starch grain gelated, clustered crystal, trachea, were destroyed, the ginseng's hardy texture become loose; The ginseng and the expanded ginseng have the same chromatography stains,color and Rf values.2. Content mensuration: Performed by mobile system using acetonitrile-0.05% phosphoric aci (19.7:80.3), the flow-rate is 1.0ml/min, wavelength is set at 203 nm, test contents of ginsenoside Rg1, Re under different extracted time and times. The results show that under the same extracted times, puffed sun-dried ginseng was extracted 10min, 20min, 30min at a time, sun-dried ginseng was extracted 2h at a time, there are marked difference on contents of ginsenoside between 10min method and 2h method, but there are no marked difference on contents of ginsenoside between others. Puffed red ginseng was also extracted 10min, 20min, 30min each time, red ginseng was extracted 2h each time, there are no marked differences on contents of ginsenoside.3. The research of HPLC fingerprints: Performed by gradient mobile system using acetonitrile-water, the flow-rate is 1.0ml/min, wavelength is set at 203 nm, set the HPLC fingerprints of sun-dried ginseng and puffed sun-dried ginseng have 15 common peaks, the HPLC fingerprints of red ginseng and puffed red ginseng have 21 common peaks, the similarity between ginseng and the puffeded ginseng should up to 0.99.The studies show that, after the expanded process, parenchyma cells broken up, sclerenchymatous cell dispersed, the ginseng's hardy texture become loose. The ingredients are almost same, the similarity of fingerprints between ginseng and the expanded ginseng should up to 0.99, expanded red ginseng was extracted 10min, red ginseng was extracted 2h, there is no marked difference on contents of ginsenoside. expanded sun-dried ginseng was extracted 20min, sun-dried ginseng was extracted 2h, there is no marked difference on contents of ginsenoside between 10min method and 2h method.So the expanded process can shorten the extraction time, and make the active ingredients extract easier. So the expanded process can save time, lower the energy depletion and production costs.The expanded cut crude drug don't need to be decocted, dip in hot water can be immediately taken, easily and conveniently. After the expanded process, the ginseng can be made into other expanded preparations, for example the bag bubble, capsule etc, not only take conveniently but also have the obvious advantage on the development of new dosage forms and reducing pharmaceutical cost, so it will have the huge and potential market.