The Implementation Of Nonlinear Registration Of Brain Atlas Based On A Piecewise Grid System

In recent years, brain surgery related research which focused on exploring the brain mystery, treating diseases and developing the technology of artificial intelligence has become more and more important in worldwide area. As the most complicated organ and central neuro-system, it controls fiber and nucleus group spread all over the brain. The structure of the brain, especially the internal part, provides basic evidence for stereotactic anatomy and neurosurgery. The registration of Brain atlas and the patient's information is a simple, distinct and convenient tool in neuro-anatomical education. It helps the surgeons by choosing reasonable intervention method and surgery planning path through 3D visual model, guiding image segmentation applied in image analysis and inspecting pathology as well as exploring how brain works in modeling and imitation.In this paper, first of all, we reviewed the registration method all around the world,then a multi-step registration method of brain atlas and clinical Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data based on Thin-Plate Splines (TPS) and Piecewise Grid System (PGS) is presented according the characteristic of the Brain Atlas,and at last, we integrate the proposed approach into an application of neurosurgical planning and guidance system which lends great efficiency in both neuro-anatomical education and guiding of neurosurgical operations.Talairach-Tournoux Brain Atlas which is widely accepted as a standard atlas is used in our experiment. The patient data and the brain atlas are transformed into the uniform coordinate system, then the brain atlas matches with the patient data by linear method, and at last a nonlinear registration method is conducted in our system. The experimental results reveal that the proposed approach is fast, efficiency and stable.In this paper,the main works are described as follows: 1. Since doctors mostly pay attention to particular Region of Interest (ROI), and a global nonlinear registration is quite time-consuming which is not suitable for real-time clinical application, we propose a novel method to conduct linear registration in global area before nonlinear registration is performed in selected ROI. The method can help doctors to determine the corresponding anatomical structure between patient image and the brain atlas by piecewise nonlinear registration.2. Neurosurgical guidance system is a new technology in neurosurgery field and an important part in minimal invasive surgery, which combine the technology of nerve image, stereotactic surgery and microscopic surgery by work station. We integrate the proposed approach into an application of neurosurgical planning and guidance system which lends great efficiency in both neuro-anatomical education and guiding of neurosurgical operations.3. Model-View-Controller Model is applied in our system. In one side, this model divides the user interface from the action, which improves the reusability of the code; in the other side, it divides the model from the action on it, which decouples the relation of each module. What's more, as each level takes part in its own function, it is much easier and clearer for the management of the software.