Study On The Antitumor Constituents From Paris Polyphylla Smith Var. Yunnanensis

RHIZOMA PARIDIS (RP), the dry rhizome of Paris polyphylla Smith var.yunnanensis (Franch.) Hand.-Mazz. and Paris polyphylla Smith var. chinensis(Franch.) Hara, is distributed mainly in Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou Province,China. In folk medicine, people always use it to treat cancer diseases. It is also amajor constituent in Yunan white drugs, Jideshengsheyao tablets and Gongxueningcapsule. Its major chemical constituents, including steroid saponin, ecdysone,flavones and so on, have been reported. Our previous pharmacological experimentsindicate that the EtOAc and n-BuOH extracts of this plant have significant antitumoractivities. In order to search the bioactive compounds, we systematically began tostudythechemicalconstituentsfromParispolyphyllaSmithvar.yunnanensis.By using repeated column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20, preparative PTLCand PHPLC, seventy-three compounds were obtained from Paris polyphylla Smithvar. yunnanensis. Besides fatty acids were premilinarily identified by 1H-NMR, andby means of 13C-NMR, 2D-NMR spectra, two new compounds (1-2) were elucidatedand named as Parispolyside F (1) and Parispolyisde G (2); three flavonoid glycosides(3-5), a sphingolipid (6) and a ethyl-α-D-fructofuranoside (7) were isolated from theplants of Paris polyphylla for the first time. In nine known saponins (10-18), 10 and11werefirstlyisolatedfromthisplant.Our previous study showed that the EtOAc and n-BuOH extracts revealedsignificant antitumor activities, and the further research for isolated compounds werescreened by cytotoxity effects with LA795 cells. Compounds 1-6 revealed certaininhibitoryeffect on LA795,especiallynew compounds 1,2 and compounds 4,10, 11.Compounds 12-18 revealed significant inhibitory effect on LA795. Based on theresults of pharmacological experiment, we preliminarily discussed the relationshipsbetween antitumor activity and the structures of steroid saponins. It showed both thediosgenin and pennogenin had certain anti-tumor activity, and the effects were notaffected by 17-hydroxyl.The number of glycosides and their linked position in thestructureofsaponinsstronglyinfluenceditsantitumoractivity.