Researching In The Current Situation Of Holding Breast Cancer Knowledge And The Effects Of Systemic Health Education Among Rural Women

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of systemic health education of breast cancer among rural women. The specific objective was to find out the current situation of holding breast cancer knowledge and taking breast self-examination and screening of rural women in Changsha, Zhuzhou, Xiangtan counties, compare the different effects between the systemic health education and material manual education in the aspects of breast cancer knowledge, preventive action, health belief and self-efficacy, provide the available intervene measures, statistics, theory foundation for breast cancer health interventions of rural women.Methods: The study used an experimental design. A stratified random sampling of 140 rural women was divided into intervention and control group. The intervention group received systemic health education, which was designed specially by researcher; while the control group just received the propaganda materials only. The systemic health education lasted 3 months. Questionnaires used for data collection was composed of six parts: Demographic Data Recording Form (DDRF), breast cancer preventive actions and basic knowledge, health belief and self-efficacy. Descriptive analysis, chi-square test, two-sample t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), paired t-test and repeated measurement ANOVA were performed using with the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) 13.0.Results: (1) The health education situation of 140 rural women in Changsha, Zhuzhou, Xiangtan counties before intervene was: 12.9% of them had received breast cancer knowledge education. The most common way of abstaining breast health information for rural women was TV (33.54%), the second one was newspapers (25.95%), and medical staff was the fourth (10.13%). 39.3% of them had taken screening, 27.9% had taken breast self-examination but less accuracy (17.9%). Protecting health is the primary motivation of taking self-examination (72%). The gross percentage of holding breast cancer knowledge of those women was 36.4%: the awareness rate of breast cancer basic knowledge was 45.9%, of Clinical manifestation was 30.5%, of prophylaxes was 47.1% and of risk factors was 30.9%. (2)After systemic health education, the percentage of mastering knowledge was rose by 34.5%, of taking self-examination was to 91.4% and of taking accurately was to 66.2%. (3) After using systemic health education, the health belief in perceived susceptibility (P=0.01), perceived benefits (P=0.037<0.05) and barriers (P=0.012<0.05) of action were improved. The total score of self-efficacy was increased, especially the confidence of taking screening was deeply promoted.Conclusions: (1) The level of holding breast cancer knowledge of rural women in Changsha, Zhuzhou, Xiangtan counties was in low. The percentage of taking self-examination and screening was low and nonstandard. (2) By taking the systemic health education, the breast cancer acknowledge was deeply promoted, the health belief and self-efficacy was increased, the correctness of taking self-examination was increased and the method of it was standardized.