Study On Analysis Of Preventive Effect Of Hepatitis A And Hepatitis B Vaccine In Weifang City

Objective:Viral hepatitis is one of the major infectious diseases,and it has been affected the people's health in a long time.Hepatitis A and B vaccine has been used in Weifang City from1992,this study researched the effect of the two vaccines on Hepatitis A and B diseases,and to put forward the questions in the utilizations of the two vaccines.We hope to provide evidence for the control of Hepatitis A and B diseases in Weifang City.Method:1.Collect the reports and data of the epidemic situation in Weifang City,to make statistics of the epidemic information on hepatitis A and B diseases from 1992 to 2006,including:distributions by people,time and place.Using Excel 2000 to build the database,and analyze the epidemic characters of hepatitis A and B diseases from 1992 to 2006 in Weifang City by descriptive study.2.Collect the monthly reports of the statistic data for hepatitis A and B vaccination statements from 1992 to 2006 in Weifang City.Using Excel 2000 to build the database.Progress the sample survey to assess the rate of vaccination coverage. Using SPSS 13.0 software to make the related analysis on the hepatitis A/B vaccination rate and the incidence of hepatitis A/B diseases.3.Collect the data of hepatitis A and B serologic test,analyze the immunity effect of hepatitis A and B vaccine.4.The transmission of Bacillary dysentery and hepatitis is similar,collecting the incidence of bacterial dysentery information from 1992 to 2006 in Weifang City, comparising the incidence of hepatitis A and bacillary dysentery from 1992 to 2006, and explore whether there are health status change affecting the incidence of hepatitis A.Results:1.The incidence of viral hepatitis from 1992 to 2006 has decreased in Weifang City,from 35.90 per 10 million in 1992 dropped to he lowest point 9.92 per 10 million in 2002.from 1992 to 1995 the incidence of virus hepatitis was mainly affected by hepatitis A virus,and the incidence curve of virus hepatitis was familiar with the incidence of hepatitis A disease,but from 1996 to 2006 the incidence of virus hepatitis was mainly affected by hepatitis B virus,and the incidence curve of virus hepatitis was familiar with the incidence of hepatitis B disease.The incidence of hepatitis A disease had a sharp drop from 26.23 per 10 million in 1992 to 6.41 per 10 million in 1994,after that,it declined steadily from 1995 to 2006,and lowest in 2006(0.48 per 10 million).The incidence of hepatitis B disease had little changed, the lowest incidence rate for 6.81 per 10 million was in 1995,and it had emerged a small peak a in 2004(15.99 per 10 million).2.The high incidence regions of viral hepatitis include Qingzhou,Shouguang,Linqu, Gaomi.The peak incidence of hepatitis A disease emerged in autumn,but hepatitis B disease don't have obvious seasonal peak.The incidence rate of hepatitis A and B are the lowest in December.The trend of the incidence rate for people under the age of 14 constitutes downward.The incidence of hepatitis A disease mainly emerged in students and peasants,the ratio is separately of 29.42%and 28.93%;The incidence of hepatitis B disease mainly emerged in farmers,the ratio is 54.92%.Men are higher than women in both diseases,and it is significant(x_hb²=385.12, x_ha^x=1896.81).3.The coverage rate of hepatitis A vaccine has increased from 0.01%in 1992 to 95.24%in 2006;and hepatitis B vaccine increased from 0.47%in 1992 to 99.57%in 2006.Hepatitis A vaccination rate was negatively correlated with the incidence rate of children under the age of 14,the correlation coefficient is -0.979(P＜0.01); hepatitis A vaccination rate and was also negatively correlated with the incidence rate of population,the correlation coefficient is -0.967(P＜0.01).Hepatitis B vaccination rate was negatively correlated with the incidence rate of children under the age of 14,the correlation coefficient is -0.861(P＜0.01),and hepatitis B vaccination rate has no obvious correlation with the incidence of population(P＞0.05). 4.HAV serological detection surveys 1,456 people,including 1,266 with vaccination history and 190 without,anti-HAV positive rates were separately of 88.78%and 36.32%,there are significant differences(x²=108.62,P＜0.01).HBV serological detection surveys 1,174 children,aged from 0 to 14,the HBsAg,anti-HBs and anti-HBc positive rates were separately of 1.11%,71.12%and 8.18%.We also survey 756 children who didn't take immunization before 1991,the HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc positive rates were separately of 3.17%,12.96%and 10.05%, There are significant differences(x_HBsAg²=10.52,x_-HBs²=624,P＜0.01).5.The incidence rates of Bacillary dysentery and hepatitis A decreased year by year. the incidence of hepatitis A dropped from 2,142 cases to 41 in 1992～2006, decreasing 98.09%.The incidence of bacterial dysentery in 1992 dropped from 2,142 cases to 852 in 1992～2006,decreasing 70.93%.From the incidence curve, bacterial dysentery and hepatitis A diseases had a rapid decline from 1992 to 1995, then from the beginning of 1996 the incidence rate of hepatitis A continued to decline,and at a relatively low level,but the decline of bacterial dysentery was not Obviously.Countermeasures and suggestions:1.Strengthen leadership,capital investment Weifang Municipal Government should establish viral hepatitis special fund,to study the epidemic characteristics and laws of hepatitis,in order to establish stratagem and program adapt to Weifang,and control the prevalence of hepatitis.2.Promote the use on hepatitis A vaccine,and hepatitis B vaccine.On the basis of doing a good job of hepatitis A vaccine inoculation work in children under the age of 14.,make out vaccination on hepatitis A vaccine in the crowd and focus on key areas,according to the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A.Apart from the neonatal hepatitis B vaccine inoculation prevention strategy,but also need to pay attention to other groups of hepatitis B vaccine immunization strategy.3.Carry out publicity and education to enhance awareness of disease prevention.Make full use of various media to carry out publicity on viral hepatitis prevention, Take the initiative to conduct health education activities,in order to Know the serious harm to human health,.Enhance physical fitness awareness of disease prevention and to remove fear.4.Strengthen the monitoring of viral hepatitisPerfect hepatitis monitoring network to actively develop the incidence and prevalence of hepatitis monitoring,vaccination rates and population immunity levels,deeply understand the prevalence characteristics and the incidence of of viral hepatitis,to forecast the trend of the disease,and provide a scientific basis on develop effective prevention and control measures5.Strengthen iatrogenic infection control workStrictly implement the "Law on Prevention and Treatment of infectious diseases" and the "Blood Donation Law" and other relevant laws and regulations,and strengthen the blood collection agencies and blood products unit of production supervision,and increase their blood,blood products and medical institutions disinfection of the extent of supervision,.The implementation of a safety injection to prevent iatrogenic infection.Conclusion:in 1992 hepatitis A vaccine can reduce the incidence of hepatitis A disease in the whole population of Weifang City from 1992;The inoculation of hepatitis B vaccine can only reduced the incidence of hepatitis B disease in children under the age of 14.The government should expand the application of hepatitis B vaccine,so as to reduce the incidence of the whole population.