| BackgroundWith the rapid development of telecommunications, the telephone hasbecome indispensable communication tools and provided great convenience in people's daily life both in working and living. The callers including the healths as well as patients or carriers of pathogenic microorganisms, the disease was spreaded when the latter called because of the polluted telephone caused another users polluted. It is necessary to evaluation Study the situation on microbial pollution of Baotou city and seek an effective way to clean the telephone in order to explore appropriate supervision management for health supervision department and enhance the management of telephone In particular of local public telephone so provide a basis on daily cleaning and disinfection on a regular .The users have to raise the awareness of self-protection at the same time.purposesUnderstanding of the situation on microbial pollution of the different places of Baotou city and seek an effective method to clean the telephone, analysising the cause of microbial pollution about telephone in Baotou city in order to provide a basis improving the health status of the telephone, strengthening supervision and management of health as well as disinfecting effectly, providing comfortable and healthy environment for many people in Baotou City.MethodsChoicing different areas of the phone unit of District kun and Qinshan in Baotou City, using stratified random sampling method, collecting 720 telephone in all in different places including 172 companies, 182 hotels, 124 hospital wards, 134 bodies, 108 homes phones. Surveyed the total number of bacteria, coliform, HBsAg microbiology on the phone handle, button, microphone and earpiece about 360 phones, contaminated different places and different parts of the state of microbial phone calls. observated and comparied effects after disinfection with different disinfectants, comparied the relation of disinfection effect and time about another 360.Main ResultsThe survey showed that the rate of total number bacteria exceeded and the rate of coliform bacteria detected were business> Hotel> Hospital> organs> family in 5 places telephone. In hospitals the HBsAg positive rate than other four places, but the other four places have no difference. The most polluted parts of micro-organisms was the telephone handle, the minimum was the handset and Microphone and Key parts in the middle. The pollution was better after disinfection but after two weeks has no significant difference between pre-sterilized. Disinfection of effect has no significant difference among 2% glutaraldehyde, ultraviolet disinfection, 1% disinfectant Venus and 1:500 "84" telephone disinfectant. Conclusion and recommendationsThe results of Survey showed that the microbial contamination of telephone was serious and the distribution range was wide in districts of kun and qingshan of Baotou city.the most serious pollution of microbial contaminat was the business and the lightest was the family In different places of the phone. phoneion of. E. coli is a fecal bacteria contamination of the instructions, positive subjects often reveals other intestinal bacteria transmitted diseases especially gastro-intestinal in the phone has an important significance on epidemiology.Hepatitis B is one of the most common infectious diseases in world, HBsAg is an important marker and it was found showed the HBV infection existence . Survey showed that the hepatitis B virus contaminated in 5 places . Hepatitis B is also contacted by the daily living. As a result, the hepatitis B virus will spread by the polluted telephone .The microbial contamination of telephone has different case in different parts . Disinfection can improve the situation effectively but resumed the level before two weeks later, so the disinfection must be on regularly on the phone.The real cause Leaded to micro-organisms on telephone of Baotou city is telephone disinfection system unbuild and no health monitoring and management. Therefore the key Step is developing the healthy standards rapidly and building healthy supervision regularly. BackgroundA large number of datas show that the door handles had serious microbial contamination in all places.The door handle is the first object that contacted directly to the door with hands, we can not separate ourself from the door in our working , living, entertainment, shopping, medical treatment, and other activities every day . So every day we have contacted with different door handles many times and we can not and will not wash our hands after every time, so the health of the door handles to our healthy has become One thing that can not be ignored.In order to protect public health and prevent pathogenic micro-organisms spread through the door handles in Baotou City, it is necessary to know the state of microbial pollution as well as disinfection effects on the door handles in Baotou city to raise awareness of the polluted state on the door handles and to explore Appropriate supervision and management models for health supervision department on the door handles and provide a basis for strengthen management and cleaning, reduce and control infectious diseases spreading through the door handles. So had an investigation on the door handles of microbial contamination and the effects of disinfection in hospitals, shopping malls, office buildings and residential buildings in the city of Baotou.purposesBy understanding the difference on the microbial pollution of the door handles before and after the disinfection in different places of the Baotou city to remind the relevant health departments to attach importance to the health management and supervision of the inspection of the door handlesand to remind the relevant units or individuals to pay attention to cleaning and disinfection regularly to the door handles ; By analyzing the cause of microbial pollution on door handles in different places of Baotou city in order to improve the health status of door handles and provide a basis for seeking the strengthen supervision,management of health, effective cleansing and disinfecting.MethodsChoicing different areas of the phone unit of District kun and Qinshan in Baotou City, using stratified random sampling method, collecting 1381 door handles in all in different places including 397 hospitals, 368 shopping malls, 358 body building, 258 residential door handles. Tested the total number of bacteria and HBsAg about 340 and of HBsAg only for the other 361 door handles, detected the total number of bacteria and HBsAg about 340 after the disinfection and the last of the 340 door handles before and after disinfected. Comparing the difference of the state of microbial pollution and disinfection effect in different places of the door handles.Main ResultsThe survey showed that the rate of total number bacteria exceeded and the rate of coliform bacteria detected were shopping> Hospital> organs> family in 4 places door handles. The HBsAg detection rate of hospitals and shopping malls door handles has no significant difference but both were higher than office buildings and residential buildings , the office building was higher than residential buildings. The state of pollution was better after disinfection.Conclusion and recommendationsthe Survey results showed that door handles had microbial contamination differently in shopping areas, hospitals, institutions and family's in districts of kun and qingshan of Baotou city.The shopping malls is the highest,the hospitals is secondly,the office building institutions is thirdly, the residential buildings is minimum of detection rate on the total number of bacteria and coliform exceedly the rate Of all. Therefore door handles had an important epidemiological significance in the spread of diseases especially gastro-intestinal diseases.The detection rate of HBsAg was no significant difference in door handles of Hospitals and shopping malls, but both were higher than the office building institutions and residential buildings.The HBsAg positive rate in door handles of Body building is higher than that of residential buildings. The HBsAg-positive of the door handles of the building authority of the Office in the survey showed the HBsAg coming from the number of positive staff.The total number of bacteria, coliform and the detection rate of HBsAg on the door handles were lower after disinfection with 1 :500 "84" liquid disinfectant,this indicated that "84" disinfectant has significantly effects on disinfecting door handles, the majority's recommendation is Using this method disinfecting door handles regularly.The survey results reminded health supervision departments, units and the general public related to raise health awareness on the door handles health ,to strengthen legislation and management and supervision, to carry out cleaning and disinfection regularly especially office has HBsAg-positive person of Baotou city. In addition, the public should have the sense of self-protection, pay more attention to the use of door handles and wash their hands frequently. |
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