Influence Of Bed Preparation And Different Bone Grafts On The Effect Of Bone Augmentation: A Study In Dogs

Objective: To explore a new technique of bone augmentation, namely, augmenting alveolar process via grafting bone blocks reserved with periosteum and decorticating the alveolar cortical bone.Methods: 16 buccal sites on alveolar bone in 4 dogs served as receptor bed. They are divided into 4 groups meanly. The receptor beds in control group were perforated routinely, and were grafted with cortico-cancellous bone blocks. The receptor beds in No. 1 experimental group were decorticated and subsequently grafted with cortico-cancellous bone blocks. Those in No.2 experimental group were perforated and grafted with cortico-cancellous bone blocks reserved with periosteum. Those in No.3 group were decorticated and grafted with cortico-cancellous bone blocks reserved with periosteum. The animals were sacrificed after 8 and 12 weeks, respectively, and block sections of grafted bone and adjacent bone were removed. The condition of grafted bone were examined by gross examination and histological serial sections. All grafted bone blocks were harvested from iliac bone.Results: 8 weeks later, the surfaces of grafted bone in control group and No.1 experimental group were rough, and there were bone resorption zones and Howship's lacunas visible on them. The surfaces of grafted bone in No.2 experimental group and No.3 experimental group were smooth and there were no bone resorption zones and Howship's lacunas visible. 12 weeks later, grafted bone block were resorbed mostly or completely in control group and No.1 experimental group; while those that were belonged to No.2 experimental group and No.3 experimental group were resorbed little or not resorbed. Histological sections shows that the interface between grafted bone and receptor bed were not distinct.Conclusion: Cortico-cancellous bone blocks reserved with periosteum are resorbed little or not absorbed after grafted to augment alveolar bone volume. Bone blocks are resorbed less after grafted on maxillary alveolar bone than that on mandibular alveolar bone. Decorticated preparation on alveolar receptor bone can decrease grafted bone resorption.