GIS Spatial Statistical Analysis Of Hypertension Disease Of Rural Residents In GuanDu District Of Kunming

Objective The rural residents in GuanDu District of Kunming were surveyed and tested in 2009. The GIS technology was used to display the status of hypertension disease in GuanDu of kunming and geographical distribution, and the geographical distribution characteristics of the relevant influencing factors. The GIS spatial statistics method was used to explore the region spatial cluster of hypertension disease and the spatial correlation (mainly spatial cluster) of its influencing factors, for providing the evidences of the prevention and control of hypertension.Methods To ensure a representative sample,9 rural towns in GuanDu District of Kunming was selected to survey, and the crowd covered every town. The proportion of probability sampling methods (PPS) was used to sample 3 villages/committees-from every town randomly, and a total of 27 villages/committees,4011 persons. The questionnaire survey and medical examination was taken to require information. The software of Epidata was used to double entry and consistency checks. The software of SPSS was used to analyze some relevant data with traditional statistics methods. The software of Geoda was used to display relevant distributions of the towns in Guandu, and to compute the moran's I of the global and local spatial auto-correlation, and to determine whether there is a global spatial cluster, or local spatial cluster with GIS spatial statistical methods.Results 4011 persons were investigated, with a response rate of 98.5%, including male 1583, accounting for 39.5%, and female 2428, accounting for 60.5%. The average age 52.36±14.55; illiteracy 603 persons,15%, illiteracy 3408 persons, 85%; Han 3815 persons, accounting for 95.1%, the minority nationalities 196 persons, accounting for 4.9%. The proportions were no statistically significant difference between the male age group and the female age group (x2-12.00, P>0.05)The prevalence of hypertension is 33.9%, including male 34.8% and female 33.4%; the rate for overweight is 34.0%, including male 34.8% and female 33.5%; the rate of obesity is 11.9%, including male 9.8% and female 13.3%; the rate of smoking is 27.1%, including male 67.2% and female 1.0%; the rate of drinking is 27.9%, including male 55.7% and female 9.7%; the family history of hypertension is 25.6%, including male 22.6% and female 27.6%.The prevalence of hypertension, the rate of overweight,obesity, smoking, drinking were statistically significant difference among different age groups (p< 0.01). The prevalence of hypertension, the rate of overweight, obesity of residents shows an up trend with the increase of age (rank correlation, p< 0.01). The rate of drinking and the rate of men smoking has declined with the increase of age (rank correlation, p< 0.01)There were no relationship between the family history of hypertension and his age (rank correlation, P>0.05). The prevalence of hypertension, the rate of overweight were no statistically significant difference between the male group and the female group (P>0.05). The rate of smoking and drinking of the male were significantly higher than those of the female (p< 0.01). The rate of obesity and family history of hypertension of the female group were significantly higher than those of the male group (p<0.01)The prevalence of hypertension, the rate of overweight, obesity, smoking, drinking and family history of hypertension were significantly statistical difference among different towns (p< 0.05)The prevalence of hypertension, the rate of overweight, obesity, smoking, drinking and family history of hypertension were risk factors of hypertension. That is the prevalence of hypertension of the overweight, obesity, smoking, drinking, family history of hypertension and elder were higher than those of the nomal weight, no smoking, no drinking, no family history of hypertension and younger.The prevalence of hypertension was no global spatial cluster in GuanDu, and also was no local spatial cluster by GIS spatial statistical analysis. Although the prevalence of hypertension was no global spatial cluster compared with influencing fators of neighbor towns, compared with the rate of obesity of nerghbor towns showed "Low-High" local spatial negative correlation cluster in TAIHE town, and "High-Low" in JINMA and WUJING town, and compared with the family history of hypertension of nerghbor towns showed "Low-High" local spatial negative correlation cluster in DABANQIAO town.There was no global spatial cluster of the rate of obesity in GuanDu, but was significantly local spatial negative correlation cluster in TAIHE, JINMA, GUANDU town, and "Low-High" local spatial negative correlation cluster in TAIHE town, "High-Low" in JINMA and GUANDU town. There was significantly global spatial negative correlation cluster of the rate of obesity compared with the prevalence of hypertension in neighbor towns, and was "Low-High" local spatial cluster in TAIHE town, "Low-Low" in WUJIN town, and "High-Low" in JINMA.There was significantly global spatial negative correlation cluster of the family history of hypertension in GuanDu; there was significantly "Low-High" local spatial negative correlation cluster of the family history of hypertension in DABANQIAO and LIUJIA town; there was significantly "Low-High" local spatial negative correlation cluster of the family history of hypertension in DABANQIAO compared with the prevalence of hypertension in neighbor towns.Conclusion Hypertension is becoming a dangerous disease to influence the health of rural residents in GuanDu of kunming. The prevalence of hypertension, the rate of overweight, obesity, smoking, drinking and family history of hypertension were 6 risk factors of hypertension. GIS map-view is suitable to describe the Spatial Distribution. The indicate of Moran's I is sensitive when realize the spatial auto-correlation of a district. There are geographical difference, regional inequality, and spatial cluster of the prevalence of hypertension and it's influencing factors from theoretical calculation. The study provides theoretical basis of a differently, focus-on, long-term, comprehensive and adjacent strategies of the prevent and control of hypertension in GuanDu.