Studies On The Technics Of Extracting Swainsonine From Oxytropis Glabra DC In Xingjiang

Oxytropis glabra DC was knowed as long years Leguminosae and Oxytropis. As one of the toxins of Oxytropis glabra DC, Swainsonine is important to the toxicity research of Oxytropis glabra DC. Generally swainsonine is extracted by the soxhlet extraction technology or the extraction in cold solvent, then purified gradually with acid liquid, alkali liquid and silica gel column chromatogram etc. Finally the residue was sublimed in 100℃olefin. This technics is unefficient and wastes a lot of solvent. The former technics was to be advanced.The plant of Oxytropis glabra DC was selected as the experiment material, The main research work was done there in after. By systematic protesting the main components were make sure. The powders of sample was extracted with Petroleum ether, ether, chloroform, 75%edible-ethanol in their given order, all the extracts were examined for toxicity on mice when fed as suspended and the main poisonous components were presented. when extracted with chloroform and n-butanol.Besides the mice were made heartbeat and breathing accelerating, toddle, lachrymation, sleepy-strongly, disability etc. Ultrasonic wave extraction, alkalinity surroundings extraction approachs and ethanol extraction approachs etc were compared. Tested the bacteriostasis efficiency of total alkaloids for Oxytropis glabra DC, determined the configuration of extracta, determined the content of swainsonine in Oxytropis glabra DC.Results showed that there were alkaloids, flavanoid, phenolic compounds, tannin, amino acids, polypeptide, protein, organic acid, reducing sugar or polysaccharide, steroid or terpenoid, volatile oil,etc in Oxytropis glabra DC. Ethanol extraction approachs was the best.The ultraviolet (wavelength from190 to 800 nm)scant the total alkaloids of Oxytropis glabra DC,That the proper measure absorbance were 210 nm.The extracting effects of alkaloids from Achnatherum in Oxytropis glabra DC by ethanol with different concentration were optimized by extract properties and characteristic of the extract. The results showed that the optimized extracting condition were:on 30℃boiling and using 15 times volume with 75%ethanol;the total alkaloids of Oxytropis glabra DC has bacteriostasis for Staphylococcus aureus,Chain coccus,Bacillus subtilis,it has no bacteriostasis for common Bacillus variabilis,E. coli.Escherichia and yeast fungus;the MIC was 125 mg/mL and 62.5 mg/mL in turn.Use TLC.MP,IR,MS, There are some white crystal which was preliminary determined as swainsonine, the outgrow of subliming swainsonine has been studied by means of the GC-MS,7 compounds was identified, with me-Gal as internal standard, The analysisresults of single-calibration-ratio was 1.0214 and good linear relationship was obtained in the range of 0.047 to 6 mg/mL. Y=0.1886X-0.0312,R2=0.9998,confirm the content of swainsonine:seed(53±2.31 mg/kg); leaf (22±0.07 mg/kg);all plant(19±0.14 mg/kg);stalk(11±0.34 mg/kg);the chasteness of swainsonine in Oxytropis glabra DC was 95.14±1.27%.