| ObjectiveRoux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) has a function of lowering blood glucose that has been found in the analysis of bariatric surgery by foreign experts. However, the exact mechanism to cure Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) has not been found yet. Meanwhile, a large number of researches derive from clinical research (CR) that has a small amount of samples, high loss rate of follow-up and uncontrollable factors. So it is of great necessity to research on animals as a sample in order to discuss the exact mechanism deeply. This experiment best serves the purpose. It observes the effect of lowering blood glucose and meliorating the resistance of insulin to spontaneous T2DM rats (GK rats) on the basis of experiments on animals and then discusses its mechanism.Methods30 GK rats aged 10 weeks are divided into 3 experimental groups at random.10 Wistars rats with the matchable age, gender and weight are picked out as the non diabetes group (Group C). These three groups undertake surgeries RYGB (Group RYGB), sham operation (Group SO) and diet control (Group FR,whose food are controlled only one third of the RYGB after operation). The author will monitor blood glucose, weight, diet, OGTT, release of insulin and changes of Ghrelin before and after the surgery. All the data will be demonstrated by means of mean and standard deviation and then statistical software SPSS 13.0 will be used to analyze univariate variance. If P<0.05, it has a great significance.ResultsBefore the surgery, there is no great difference (P>0.05) in weight and diet among GK rats of all groups. Compared with Wistar rats, GK rats do not have a great difference in weight and diet. After the surgery, there is respective decrease in weight and diet of rats in Group RYGB and sham operation. The point decreases to the lowest in two weeks and then increases gradually. Until the 4th week, the average diet of Group RYGB reaches 19.2 per day that surpass the diet group for two times. The diet group has the lowest weight increase about-25.2% while RYGB follows. Before the surgery, there is no great difference (P>0.05) in FPG of GK rats. Compared with the standard group, there is an obvious increase in Group FGP which is significant (P<0.05). From the beginning of the first week, there is an obvious decrease in Group RYGB and FPG. Sham operation group and diet group have a relative high rate of FPG comparing with before, there is no difference. After the surgery, there is significant difference (P<0.05) comparing FPG of Group RYGB with sham operation group and diet group. Meanwhile, there is no significant difference between FPG of Group RYGB and non diabetes group.Before the surgery, there is no difference in OGTT curve among all the groups. Compared all the groups with non diabetes group, there is a significant difference in OGTT curve (P<0.05). The end of the 3rd week after the surgery, lavage with the glucose for 30 minutes and we can find that there is no difference (P>0.05). After 60, 90 and 120 minutes, there is a decrease in blood glucose of Group RYGB compared with non diabetes there is no difference. While, there is an increase blood glucose in sham operation group and diet group. Compared with Group RYGB, there is great difference (P<0.05).Before the surgery, there is no difference in fasting blood glucose insulin that is high above the non diabetes (P<0.05). After lavage with the blood glucose, fasting blood glucose insulin of the non diabetes varies with the changes of blood glucose. While, fasting blood glucose insulin is always in high level with no increase. After the surgery, both sham operation group and diet group are on the same level of fasting blood glucose insulin (P>0.05). The fasting insulin of Group RYGB is near the level of the standard group, but it has a great difference from sham operation group and diet group (P<0.05). After the surgery, the fasting blood glucose insulin of Group RYGB is twice as it was lavaged 30 minutes before. While, sham operation group and diet group have the same level. Compared with the basic level, there is no difference.Before the surgery, the blood of GK rats is above Wistar Rats. After the RYGB surgery, there is an increase in Ghrelin level of GK rats which has a great difference compared with Group SO and Group FR (P<0.05). At the end of the 3rd week, there is an increase in Ghrelin level of Group FR, but compared with Group SO, there is no difference (P>0.05).Conclusion RYGB can greatly decrease the blood glucose of GK rats and has nothing to do with weight and diet. After RYGB, OGTT curve and release of insulin return to the normal level. So RYGB is an effective way to cure Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), which can not only well control the blood glucose, but meliorate the resistance of insulin and improve the function of pancreas islet. The Ghrelin level of GK rats is under non diabetes Wistar rats; After RYGB, to increase Ghrelin is one of the mechanisms to meliorate the resistance of insulin and improve the function of pancreas islet. |
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