Vascular Ultrasound Relevance Between Coronary Heart Disease And Lower Limb Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis is an increasingly serious disease in worldwide. Coronary artery atherosclerosis is local performance of body. It has a similar pathophysiological basis with lower extremity atherosclerosis. In past study it has found that there is extent relevance between carotid artery or femoral artery atherosclerosis and coronary angiography, but there is little study between coronary heart disease (CHD) and lower extremity arterial atherosclerosis. In order to study the relevance we examine the patients with CHD and lower extremity arterial atherosclerosis by high-frequency color Doppler ultrasound. Analyze the occurrence and relevance in patients with lower extremity arterial atherosclerosis according the two-dimensional, color Doppler and spectral Doppler ultrasound characteristics.I. Materials and Methods:1. General information:1.1 Grouping:1.1.1 CHD Group:88 cases of hospitalized patients with coronary heart disease who were confirmed by coronary angiography significant coronary artery stenosis, stenosis rate≥50%. Collected the relevant history(hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and smoking history). Control group is 34 healthy volunteers had no hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and smoking history.1.2 Observation content:Using ultrasound examine the patients'lower arterial sections (the femoral artery, superficial femoral artery, popliteal artery, anterior tibial artery, posterior tibial artery, dorsalis pedis arteries),observed the diameter, inside diameter, wall thickness, diameter is observed existence of atherosclerotic plaque and plaque distribution, using color Doppler ultrasound observe whether there is occlusion of blood vessels narrow, while observing the flow velocity, signal distribution and spectral shape.2 Determine color-Doppler classification standards of Artery stenosis in basis of traditional classification method:2.1 Grouped according to vessel diameterMild:artery wall thickening in part or in whole, or part of the lumen diameter narrowing the 50%,Moderate:partial or entire arterial wall thickening, arterial lumen diameter reduced by 50%to 75%Severe:partial or entire arterial wall thickening, arterial lumen diameter narrowing the 75%2.2 Grouped according to degree of hardeningNormal:arterial intima is not thick, echo normal. Mild:strong echo of arterial intimal thickening, but no plaqueIn moderate to severe:Arterial intimal thickening, associated with plaque or stenosis.2.3 Grouped according to plaque distributionMild:single plaqueModerate:multiple plaqueSevere:the distribution of diffuse plaquesFinally, test results were analyzed statistically.Results:1. There are four performance of atherosclerotic, such as intimal thickening, plaque formation,diameter stenosis, occlusion. The incidence of CHD group is significantly higher than the healthy control group, intimal thickening is highest of the 4 lesions, secondly are segmental stenosis and plaque, the lowest incidence of arterial segmental occlusion.2. From the degree of stenosis and age distribution, the-severe group is significantly higher proportion of elderly male patients, from the results, as the age increased degree of atherosclerosis increased, from the gender, male patients is a high proportion in severe group.3 Male patient was higher incidence of arteriosclerosis. It is positively correlated between limb artery stenosis diameter, arterial sclerosis plaques form with endometriosis with patients age. Results show that all cases of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD)> 60 years old-severe stricture total number, from the gender ratio for 46.6%perspective。Conclusion:1. Coronary atherosclerosis with lower extremity atherosclerosis is a part of the body. There is closely related between each other2. Coronary atherosclerosis in patients with lower limb significantly increased incidence. Morbidity of coronary heart disease in this group showed intimal thickening,plaque formation, stenosis or occlusion was significantly higher than control group.3. Lower extremity artery diameter stenosis, arterial intimal sclerosis, plaque formation and coronary heart disease was positively correlated with age, men with a high incidence of atherosclerosis. Results show that all patients had coronary heart disease patients> 60 years old age group-the number of severe stenosis of the proportion of the total number of 46.6%. From a gender perspective, male patients is a high proportion of in severe group.4. Coronary heart disease patients with lower extremity arterial atherosclerosis simultaneously showed more severe disease, coronary heart disease prediction of atherosclerosis of some significance.5. Color Doppler ultrasound examination has the advantage of lower limb atherosclerosis to the whole grading the severity of the atherosclerosis.At present, for a variety of blood vessel inspection methods, but angiography, spiral CT and so can not analyze the entire lower extremity lesions, and the high economic costs. Because atherosclerosis is a slow disease process, often not to be perceived by the people, the patient perception of poor, the study by ultrasound examination in the whole right lower extremity atherosclerosis in the whole right lower extremity atherosclerosis in patients with grading of positive significance.