Site Preservation Techniques In Fresh Anterior Extraction Sockets: A Study In Dogs

After a tooth is extracted, however, resorption of the cortical bone can occur, in some sense, bone loss may be unpredictable. Labial or facial bone loss may be significant. Unpredictable bone loss may prevent successful implant placement or necessitate adjunctive hard-or soft-tissue grafting. In our study, we exert instantly site preservation techniques after tooth extraction, result in an appropriate site that can receive an implant. The aim of the study was to asses histomorphometric and contour changes after site preservation techniques.MethodSix dogs were included in the study,8.2 months-old and 16.8 kg average. The roots of the second maxillary and mandibular incisors were extracted. One randomly side sockets were filled with Osteoinduction Active Mature (OAM). As a control, the other side sockets were left for spontaneous healing. After 3 months, the animals were examined clinically and sacrificed. After sacrifice, mandibular and maxillary explants were immediately dissected and fixed in 10% formalin solution. Sockets were individually separated with a diamond saw. Samples were dehydrated in graded ethanol during 7 days, and embeddments were performed in glycolmethylmethacrylate resin (GMMA). Finally, inclusions were performed in GMMA. GMMA resin blocks samples were cut on a frontal level with a hard tissue microtome (Leica SP 1600, Germany). The sections of each site were observe 80μm. And marked with toluidine blue staining for histomorphometric and contour evaluation with image analysis. ResultsNo infectious complication happened during the postoperative phase. Two groups all displayed contour shrinkage and bone loss. In test group, the mean value of the resorption of height is-1.3±0.4mm, the mean value of the width-resorption is-0.3±0.1mm, the mean value of the change of the bone density is 149.8±12.5.The percentage of new bone formation observing in the microscope is (30.2±3.7)%. In control team, the resorption of the alveolar bone can be seen on the buccal aspect. The mean values of above respectively are-2.7±0.6mm,-1.1±0.2mm,114.7±9.5 and (9.3±2.0)%. The resorption in test group was significantly lower than in control group (P＜0.001).Conclusion1. Site preservation techniques, used in the present experiment, can significantly decrease alveolar ridge resorption after tooth extraction.2. OAM can significantly increase alveolar ridge preservation after tooth extraction.