| Background and ObjectiveOvarian cancer is the most challenging problem faced by the doctors majoring in gynecologic tumors.Although the rate of its occurrence in the female reproductive system of malignant tumors accounted the third place,but its mortality rate ranks first in.Ovaries stay in the pelvic floor position.The transfer of the main means of ovarian cancer are spread direct planting in the abdomial cavity.Ovarian cancer has strong ability of invasion and metastasis.75% patients were found lately.The Five-year survival rate was 35%.Ovarian tissue composition is very complex and the types of ovarian tumor are numerous.Epithelial ovarian cancer accounts for 85%-90% of ovarian cancer.More than 90% of ovarian cancer patients died of tumor invasion and metastasis.Therefore to explore its mechanism of invasion and metastasis,to find value tumor markers which can predict the transfer and the biological indicators which can guide clinical treatment of ovarian cancer research has become hot spots.CD24 is a protein ligand of P-selectin.It is a low molecular weight highly glycosylated and mucin-like adhesion molecule.CD24 is involved in tumor cell proliferation,differentiation and apoptosis,and takes part in tumor occurrence and development and transfer.CD24 is considered as a new cancer-causing gene and metastasis-enhancing factor.Ep-CAM is a novel broad-spectrum squamous cell carcinoma antigen,Ep-CAM mediates adhesion between the same type of cells. It is involved in the process of cell malignant transformation and takes part in tumor cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis.Ep-CAM do not express in normal epithelial cells, but express strongly in various systems tumors.It is considered as a valuable target in tumor diagnosis and gene therapy.In recent years, the relationship studies between CD24 and ovarian cancer have focused on CD24 and metastasis and prognosis of ovarian cancer.Some scholars try to knock out the CD24 gene in vitro treatment of ovarian cancer,but the effect still need more experiments to further verify.The relationship between Ep-CAM and ovarian cancer is relatively less. Some studies confirm that Ep-CAM over-expression is related to poor prognosis of ovarian cancer.Recently some scholars found the protein CD24 and Ep-CAM expressed in the exosomes centrifugated from ovarian cancer ascites.The expressions of the two in epithelial ovarian cancer has been reported rarely at home and abroad at present.The experiment was planed to detect the expresssions of CD24 and Ep-CAM in epithelial ovarian tumor by immunohistochemical assay (SP).The relationship betwe-en the two proteins and the clinical parameters,such as clinical stage,pathological grade,lymphoid node metastasis,etc,were investigated too.The aim was to investigate the mechanism of epithelial ovarian tumor growth and progression,to explore new targets for ovarian cancer diagnosis and provide the experiment foundation for gene therapy of ovarian cancer.Material and Methods96 cases of epithelial ovarian tumor paraffin imbedding sampiles and 10 cases of normal ovarian tissues were collected from department of gynaecology and obstetrics in the third hospital affliated to Zhengzhou University between Jan 2003 and October 2008.A11 samples were diagnosed by two pathologists and all patients had not accepted the radiotherapy arld chemotherapy before operation with complete clinical and pathological information.106 cases of epithelial ovarian tumor included normal(10 cases),benign(16 cases), borderline (19 cases)and malignant tumors(61)cases,while 61 malignant cases were divided into serous cystadenocarcinoma (26 cases), mucous cystadenocarcinoma (22 cases) and endometroid carcinoma (11 cases),clear-cell carcinoma(2 cases).Epithelial ovarian cancer according to FIGO (2000 years) clinical stage:28 cases ofâ… ,â…¡period, 33 cases ofâ…¢,â…£period; histologic grade:29 cases of G1 Grade,32 cases of G2 and G3 Grade; 27 cases with lymph node metastasis,no lympy node metastasis in 34 cases. There were 33 cases of omental transfer,28 cases without omentum metastasis.CD24 and Ep-CAM proteins expression in epithelial ovarian tumor were detected by immunohistochemistry.The relationship between expression of CD24 and Ep-CAM proteins and the clinical parameters,such as clinical stage,pathological grade,lymphoid node metastasis,etc,were investigated. The data were analyzed by statistics software SPSS13.0 package.Multi-samples rate comparison used continge-ncy table chi-square test,rank-sum test and two sampiles rate used fourfold table chi-square test.Spaearman rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the relevance.The test standard was a=0.05.Results1 The positive expression rates of CD24 was 12.50% in benign,52.63% in borderline tumors and 80.16% in ovarian cancer.The differences were statistically significant.(P<0.05).The expression of CD24 in epithelial ovarian cancer was marked highly.2 The positive expression rates of Ep-CAM was18.75%,in benign 63.16% in borderline tumors and 90.16% in ovarian cancer.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The expression of CD24 in epithelial ovarian cancer was marked highly.3 The expression of CD24 and Ep-CAM was significantly associated with FIGO stage,lymph node metastasis and omental metastasis,not related to age and histological type.The expression of CD24 and Ep-CAM in tissues with FIGOâ…¢-â…£stage was obviously higher than that of FIGOâ… -â…¡stage.The expression of CD24 and Ep-CAM in tissues with lymph node metastasis was obviously higher than that of wihout lymph node metastasis.The expression of CD24 and Ep-CAM in tissues with omental metastasis was obviously higher than that of wihout omental metastasis. The expression of Ep-CAM in the G1 grade tissues was lower than that of G2, G3 grade tissues.4 The positive expression rates of CD24 and Ep-CAM in epithelial ovarian cancer was positive correlation.The expressions of the two factors in ovarian carcinoma showed a positive correlation.(rs=0.529, P<0.01)Conclusions1 The expression rates of CD24 in benign,borderline tumors and ovarian cancer increased gradually.The expression of CD24 in epithelial ovarian cancer was marked highly.The expression of CD24 in epithelial ovarian cancer is associated with three clinical parameters:FIGO stage,lymph node metastasis and omental metastasis.This suggests that CD24 may play a role in epithelial ovarian tumor development and metastasis.2 The expression rates of the Ep-CAM in benign,borderline tumors and ovarian cancer increased gradually.The expression of Ep-CAM in epithelial ovarian cancer was marked highly.The expression of CD24 in epithelial ovarian cancer is associated with four pathological and clinical parameters:histological grade,FIGO stage,lymph node metastasis and omental metastasis.This suggests that Ep-CAM may play a role in epithelial ovarian tumor development and metastasis.3 The high expressions of CD24 and Ep-CAM might play an important role in the carcinogenesis,development,invasiveness and metastasis of epithelial ovarian carcino-ma.The expressions of CD24 protein and Ep-CAM protein in epithelial ovarian cancer were positively correlated,and this suggests that both may play a synergistic role in the course of the development and transfer of the epithelial ovarian cancer.They are expected to become potential the targets in tumor immunotherapy. |
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