| IntroductionICVD(Ischemic cerebral vascular disease) is one of the major diseases for human death and disability, the etiological factor of ICVD is correlated with cerebral arteriosclerosis, cerebral vasospasm, blood components, hemodynamic changes and many other factors. Carotid artery is the main path of cerebral blood, CAS(Carotid artery atherosclerosis) is an important risk factor of ICVD. Early detecting the pathological changes, and taking appropriate interventions, are very important to prevent and treat the ischemic cerebrovascular disease effectively.ET (echo—tracking, ET) can detect the atherosclerotic lesions before artery wall thickening and atherosclerosis. Based on the traditional ultrasound technique, ET not only reflect the vascular structure, blood flow, but also assesses the early atherosclerotic lesions of artery antitatively, and provides affluent information for clinical evaluation of vascular function. In this test, the goal is to explore the value of the echo tracing technology in evaluating the elasticity of carotid artery in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease.MaterialObject of study30 cases with cerebral infarction patients, including 17 males and 13 females. Mean patients'age was 59±13 years (range,45-82 years).30 cases with TIA patients, including 16 males and 14 females. Mean patients' age was 55±11 years (range,40-71 years).30 normal cases from healthy volunteers were taken as the control group, including 15 males and 15 females. Mean patients'age was 56±14 years (range,39-73 years).InstrumentUsing color Doppler ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus to diagnosis Alokaα-7.MethodsConnecting the standard ECG leads to the patients in the supine position to measure blood pressure. Carotid long axis systolic diameter (Ds), diastolic diameter (Dd) and carotid intimal-medial thickness (IMT) were measured by ultrasonics. Technique and the quantitative parameters of, stiffness(β), pressure-strain elastic modulus (Ep), arterial compliance (AC), pulse wave velocity (PWVβ) and argumentation index (AI) were calculated automatically by using echo-tracking technique. Saving the picture and the data was available to statistical analysis by statistical software.Results1.Comparing with left and right Carotid artery elasticity of all the casesIn this research, we measure the parameters of the left and right arterial elastic at the same time. The Comparative Analysis values ofβ,Ep,AC,PWVβand AI in patients with Left and right carotid artery were not markedly different (P>0.05). So, we can measure the average parameters of the left and right arterial elastic as the results.2.Comparing the parameters of arterial elastic of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases group with that of control groupComparing with the control group, theβ,Ep,PWVβdata of cerebral infarction group was significant increased, the AC data was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.01). The Ep,β,PWVβdata of TIA group was increased, AC data was reduced compared with the control group, which was significant different in statistics (P<0.05), The difference of AI data between the two experiment groups and the control goup has no significance in statistics (P>0.05). Comparing with the TIA group, theβand Ep data of the cerebral infarction group was significant increased (P< 0.01). The PWVβdata was increased, the AC data was reduced, that was significant in statistics (P<0.05). The difference of AI data between the two experiment groups has no significance in statistics (P>0.05).3.Comparing with the thickness of tunica media and inside diameter between ICVD group and referrence groupComparing with the control group the IMT data of the cerebral infarction group was significant increased (P<0.01), While, TIA group was increased, which was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05), Comparing with the TIA group, the IMT data of the cerebral infarction group was increased, the difference was significant in statistics (P<0.05). Comparing with the control group the Dd data of cerebral infarction group was significant increased (P<0.01), while, Ds data was increased (P <0.05). TIA group trend to increase. which was no significant different (P>0.05). Comparing with the TIA group, the difference of Ds data between the two groups has no significance in statistics (P>0.05).The Dd data of the cerebral infarction group was increased, the difference was significant in statistics (P<0.05).DiscussionThe research indicated that the carotid artery compliance of cerebral infarction group and TIA group was reduced. On the contrary, the degree of stiffness was increased, function changes in cerebral infarction group was more obvious than that in TIA group. That means carotid artery elasticity was further damaged in proceeding of cerebrovascular disease.The IMT data of cerebral infarction group was more thick than that of the control group, the difference was statistical significant. Therefore, IMT can be a way of valuing the CAS, which provides the basis for clinical therapy.Carotid artery inside diameter directly reflects the expansion and compliance of vessel. Comparing the cerebral infarction group with the control group, Ds and Dd data had certainly widened, that indicated carotid artery compliance is not that good. Flexibility had reduced compared with the control group. The inside diameter of TIA group trends to increase, which have no significant difference between the experiment group and control group in statistics.That argument conformed that we merely measured the carotid artery inside diameter, which can not reflect the early flexibility changes of carotid artery in TIA patients.Comparing with three kinds of measure data of Carotid, we can tell the parameters of ET and IMT can well reflect the reduction of carotid artery elasticity. While, the Sensitivity of inside diameter measuring is low, that indicated the vascular stiffness, flexibility, expansion and compliance in the TIA patients were all abnormity before obvious morphological changes of arteries.In summary, ET technology has many advantages such as real time, non-invasive, simple, reproducible and so on. In clinical practice, it is very important to the research and detection of Elasticity in IVCD patients, dynamically assessing the changes of condition, and also very important to the researching and improving arterial elasticity for the development of treatment strategies and program, also for the clinical evaluation.Conclusion1. Quantitative assessment of the degree of reduction of the carotid artery elasticity of the cerebral infarction and TIA in patients with ET technology.2. It is more reliable way to assess the changes of the parameters of the carotid artery elasticity of the cerebral infarction and TIA in patients with theβ,Ep,PWVβand AC data of ET technology, while the AI data dose not work well.3. Comparing with two-dimensional echocardiography, ET technology is more sensitive on the assessment of elasticity of carotid artery. |
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